Adrastea (moon)

Adrastea or Jupiter XV, is the second closest moon to Jupiter. It was found by David C. Jewitt and G. Edward Danielson in Voyager 2 probe photographs taken in 1979 and received the designation S/1979 J 1.[5][6] In 1983, it was named after the mythological Adrastea,[7] who was a daughter of Jupiter and Ananke.

Adrastea
Adrastea.jpg
Image of Adrastea taken by Galileo's solid state imaging system between November 1996 and June 1997.
Discovery
Discovered byDavid C. Jewitt
G. Edward Danielson
Discovery dateJuly 8, 1979
Orbital characteristics
Mean orbit radius
129,000 km[1][2]
Eccentricity0.0015[1][2]
0.29826 d (7 h 9.5 min)[1][2]
31.378 km/s[3]
Inclination0.03° (to Jupiter's equator)[1][2]
Satellite ofJupiter
Physical characteristics
Dimensions20×16×14 km[4]
Mean radius
8.2 ± 2.0 km[4]
Volume~2,345 km³[3]
Mass~2×1015 kg[3]
Mean density
0.86 g/cm³ (assumed)
~0.002 m/s² (0.0004 g)[3]
~0.008 km/s[3]
synchronous
zero[4]
Albedo~0.1 ± 0.045[4]
Temperature~122 K

Adrastea was the first moon to be found from images taken by an interplanetary spacecraft, rather than through telescopic photography.

Physical characteristics

Adrastea is non-spherical and measures 20x16x14 km³ across.[4] What Adrastea is made of and the mass of Adrastea are not known, but assuming that its mean density is like that of Amalthea (~0.86 g/cm³)[8] its mass can be estimated at ~2×1015 kg. Amalthea's density implies that moon is composed of water ice with a porosity of 10-15%, and Adrastea may be similar.[8]

No surface details of Adrastea are known, due to the low resolution of available images.[4]

 
Discovery image of Adrastea, taken on July 8, 1979 by Voyager 2. Adrastea is the dot in the very middle, straddling the line of the Jovian rings.

Orbit

Adrastea is the smallest and second closest member of the closer moons to Jupiter. It orbits Jupiter at ~129,000 km (1.806 Jupiter radii) within the planet's Main Ring. The orbital eccentricity of ~0.0015 and inclination of ~ 0.03° relative to the equator of Jupiter are very small.[2]

Exploration

Adrastea was found in Voyager 1 and 2 images, but appeared only as a dot.[6] The Galileo spacecraft was able to see its shape, but the images remain poor.[4]

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Evans, M. W.; Porco, C. C.; Hamilton, D. P. (2002). "The Orbits of Metis and Adrastea: The Origin and Significance of their Inclinations". Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society. 34: 883. Bibcode:2002DPS....34.2403E.
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Burns, J.A.; D.P. Simonelli & M.R. Showalter et al. (2004), "Jupiter’s Ring-Moon System", in Bagenal, F.; Dowling, T. E.; McKinnon, W. B., Jupiter: The planet, Satellites and Magnetosphere, Cambridge University Press
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Calculated on the basis of other parameters
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 Thomas, P.C.; Burns, J.A.; Rossier, L.; Simonelli, D.; Veverka, J.; Chapman, C.R.; Klaasen, K.; Johnson, T.V.; Belton, M.J.S. (1998). "The Small Inner Satellites of Jupiter". ICARUS. 135 (2): 360–371. Bibcode:2000Icar..147..353S. doi:10.1006/icar.1998.5976.
  5. IAUC 3454: Editorial Notice 1980 February 25 (discovery)
  6. 6.0 6.1 Jewitt, David C.; Danielson, G. Edward; Synnott, Stephen P. (1979). "Discovery of a New Jupiter Satellite". Science. 206 (4421): 951. doi:10.1126/science.206.4421.951. PMID 17733911. S2CID 6391249.
  7. IAUC 3872: Satellites of Jupiter and Saturn 1983 September 30 (naming the moon)
  8. 8.0 8.1 Anderson, John D.; Johnson, Torrence V.; Schubert, Gerald; Asmar, Sami; Jacobson, Robert A.; Johnston, Douglas; Lau, Eunice L.; Lewis, George; Moore, William B.; Taylor, Anthony; Thomas, Peter C.; Weinwurm, Gudrun (2005). "Amalthea's Density Is Less Than That of Water". Science. 308 (5726): 1291–1293. Bibcode:2005Sci...308.1291A. doi:10.1126/science.1110422. PMID 15919987. S2CID 924257.

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