Albi
Albi (Occitan: Albi) is a commune in southern France. It is the prefecture of the Tarn department, in the Occitanie region. It is on the side of the Tarn river, about 85 km (53 mi) to the northeast of Toulouse.
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Albi | |
_North_views_of_the_Ste_C%C3%A9cile_Cathedral_and_the_Old_Bridge.jpg)
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| Albi featuring the Sainte-Cécile cathedral and the Pont Vieux (old bridge) over the river Tarn. | |
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| Administration | |
|---|---|
| Country | France |
| Region | Midi-Pyrénées |
| Department | Tarn |
| Arrondissement | Albi |
| Canton | Albi-1 Albi-2 Albi-3 Albi-4 |
| Intercommunality | Albigeois |
| Mayor | Stéphanie Guiraud-Chaumeil (2014–2020) |
| Statistics | |
| Elevation | 130–308 m (427–1,010 ft) (avg. 169 m/554 ft) |
| Land area1 | 44.26 km2 (17.09 sq mi) |
| Population2 | 49,024 (2016) |
| - Density | 1,108/km2 (2,870/sq mi) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 81004/ 81000 |
| 1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |
| 2 Population without double counting: residents of multiple communes (e.g., students and military personnel) only counted once. | |
It is the seat of the Archbishop of Albi. The cathedral and the part of the city around it (the Episcopal City) was made a World Heritage Sites in 2010.[1]
History
_Bell_tower_of_the_Ste_C%C3%A9cile_Cathedral_-_West_exposure.jpg)
The first human settlement in Albi was in the Bronze Age (3000-600 BC). After the Roman conquest of Gaul in 51 BC, the town became Civitas Albigensium, the city of the Albigeois.
The Cathars had their main centre at Albi and so they were known also as Albigens after the city. The Cathar movement was a branch of Christianity which was persecuted in the Middle Ages. Because of this, the city was almost completely destroyed in a crusade between 1209 and 1229. Since 1678, the city is the seat of an archbishop. Since 1790, it is the capital city of the Tarn department.
Geography
Albi is in southern France, in the centre of the Tarn department. The Tarn flows through the city and splits it in two; the historical city is on the left side of the river. Several small rivers, tributaries of the Tarn, flows also through the city.
It has an area of 44.26 km2 (17.09 sq mi) and its average altitude is 169 m (554 ft); at the city hall, the altitude is 174 m (571 ft).[2]
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The commune is at 85 km (53 mi) northeast of Toulouse and the closest cities are Castres, Toulouse, Mazamet, Graulhet, Lavaur, Gaillac, Montauban, Rodez et Carmaux. It is surrounded by the communes Lescure-d'Albigeois to the north; Saint-Juéry to the northeast; Cunac and Cambon to the east; Fréjairolles to the southeast; Puygouzon to the south; Le Sequestre, Carlus and Saliès to the southwest; Terssac, Marssac-sur-Tarn, Florentin, Rouffiac, Cagnac-les-Mines, Castelnau-de-Lévis.
Climate
The climate of Albi is an oceanic climate with template summers, Cfb (Marine West Coast Climate) in the Köppen climate classification.[3]
The average temperature for the year in Albi is 13.4 °C (56.1 °F). The warmest month, on average, is July with an average temperature of 22.3 °C (72.1 °F). The coolest month on average is January, with an average temperature of 5.4 °C (41.7 °F).
The highest recorded temperature in Albi is 41.4 °C (106.5 °F), which was recorded in August. The lowest recorded temperature in Albi is −20.4 °C (−4.7 °F), which was recorded in January.
The average amount of precipitation for the year in Albi is 1,023.6 mm (40.3 in). The month with the most precipitation on average is November with 101.6 mm (4.0 in) of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is July with an average of 66 mm (2.6 in).
| Climate data for Albi, Tarn, France | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 9.4 (48.9) |
11.2 (52.2) |
14.7 (58.5) |
17.4 (63.3) |
21.6 (70.9) |
25.5 (77.9) |
28.7 (83.7) |
28.4 (83.1) |
24.7 (76.5) |
19.7 (67.5) |
13.2 (55.8) |
9.8 (49.6) |
18.69 (65.65) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 5.4 (41.7) |
6.5 (43.7) |
9.3 (48.7) |
11.8 (53.2) |
15.9 (60.6) |
19.6 (67.3) |
22.3 (72.1) |
22.0 (71.6) |
18.5 (65.3) |
14.6 (58.3) |
9.1 (48.4) |
6.0 (42.8) |
13.42 (56.15) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 1.4 (34.5) |
1.7 (35.1) |
3.8 (38.8) |
6.2 (43.2) |
10.2 (50.4) |
13.6 (56.5) |
15.8 (60.4) |
15.6 (60.1) |
12.3 (54.1) |
9.5 (49.1) |
4.9 (40.8) |
2.1 (35.8) |
8.09 (46.57) |
| Rainfall mm (inches) | 91.9 (3.618) |
79.8 (3.142) |
78.7 (3.098) |
90.8 (3.575) |
95.7 (3.768) |
77.5 (3.051) |
65.6 (2.583) |
75.0 (2.953) |
74.1 (2.917) |
93.4 (3.677) |
101.3 (3.988) |
99.1 (3.902) |
1,022.9 (40.272) |
| Source: Weatherbase.com [1] | |||||||||||||
Population
The inhabitants of Albi are known, in French, as Albigeois (women: Albigeoises).[4]
The city of Albi has a population, in 2014, of 49,531;[5] its population density is of 1,119 inhabitants/km2.
| Historical population | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Population | ±% p.a. |
| 1793 | 11,176 | — |
| 1800 | 9,649 | Template:PGR |
| 1806 | 10,061 | Template:PGR |
| 1821 | 10,644 | Template:PGR |
| 1831 | 11,665 | Template:PGR |
| 1836 | 11,801 | Template:PGR |
| 1841 | 12,408 | Template:PGR |
| 1846 | 14,211 | Template:PGR |
| 1851 | 13,788 | Template:PGR |
| 1856 | 14,636 | Template:PGR |
| 1861 | 15,493 | Template:PGR |
| 1866 | 16,596 | Template:PGR |
| 1872 | 17,469 | Template:PGR |
| 1876 | 19,169 | Template:PGR |
| 1881 | 20,379 | Template:PGR |
| 1886 | 21,224 | Template:PGR |
| 1891 | 20,903 | Template:PGR |
| 1896 | 21,948 | Template:PGR |
| 1901 | 22,571 | Template:PGR |
| 1906 | 23,303 | Template:PGR |
| 1911 | 25,100 | Template:PGR |
| 1921 | 26,628 | Template:PGR |
| 1926 | 29,015 | Template:PGR |
| 1931 | 29,351 | Template:PGR |
| 1936 | 30,293 | Template:PGR |
| 1946 | 34,342 | Template:PGR |
| 1954 | 34,693 | Template:PGR |
| 1962 | 38,709 | Template:PGR |
| 1968 | 42,930 | Template:PGR |
| 1975 | 46,162 | Template:PGR |
| 1982 | 45,947 | Template:PGR |
| 1990 | 46,579 | Template:PGR |
| 1999 | 46,274 | Template:PGR |
| 2007 | 48,889 | Template:PGR |
| 2012 | 49,231 | Template:PGR |
| 2017 | 48,970 | Template:PGR |
| Source: EHESS[6] and INSEE (1968-2017)[7] | ||
Administration
Albi is the prefecture of the Tarn department since 1797. It is also the capital of four Cantons:
- Albi-1, formed with a part of Albi (15,740 inhabitants) (2014)
- Albi-2, formed with a part of Albi and 5 other communes (18,332 inhabitants) (2014)
- Albi-3, formed with a part of Albi and 8 other communes (18,145 habitants) (2014)
- Albi-4, formed with a part of Albi and 2 other communes (19,064 inhabitants) (2014)
It is part of the intercommunality Albigeois (French: Communauté d'agglomération de l'Albigeois).
Cathedral
| UNESCO World Heritage Site | |
|---|---|
_Cit%C3%A9_%C3%A9piscopale_d%27Albi_-_Le_palais_de_la_Berbie_et_la_cath%C3%A9drale_Ste_C%C3%A9cile.jpg) Sainte-Cécile cathedral in Albi | |
| Criteria | Cultural: (iv)(v) |
| Reference | 1337 |
| Inscription | 2010 (34th Session) |
St. Cecile´s cathedral is built like a fortress, in a gothic style. The cathedral is built in a very special style. Inside, there are frescoes from the Renaissance, worth a visit.
The cathedral has walls which are up to 6 m (20 ft) thick. This makes it the biggest brick building in the world.
Museum
There is a museum dedicated to Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec in the city. De Touluose-Lautrec was born in the city. There are also paintings of other people in the museum.
People from Albi
- Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec,1864-1901, painter
- Jean-François de La Pérouse, 1741-1788, French geographer; sailed around the world.
Education
Sister cities
Albi is twinned with:
Girona, Spain[8]
Palo Alto, United States
Randwick City Council, Australia
Abomey, Benin
Gallery
_Eglise_Sainte-Marie-Madeleine_vue_du_second_niveau_du_Palais_%C3%A9piscopal.jpg)
_Palais_de_la_Berbie_-_Jardin_ancienne_place_d%27arme.jpg)
Albi Media
Palais de la Berbie à Albi
Related pages
References
- ↑ UNESCO World Heritage Centre – World Heritage Committee inscribes five new cultural sites on World Heritage List and approves two extensions to existing properties. Whc.unesco.org. Retrieved on 28 May 2014.
- ↑ "Albi". Map-France.com. Retrieved 27 May 2014.
- ↑ "Albi, France - Köppen Climate Classification". Weatherbase. Retrieved 28 May 2014.
- ↑ "Albi (81000)" (in français). habitants.fr. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
- ↑ "Régions, départements, arrondissements, cantons et communes" (PDF). Populations légales 2014 (in français). Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques - INSEE. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
- ↑ Template:Cassini-Ehess
- ↑ Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE
- ↑ "Le jumelage Albi-Gérone" (in français). Ville d'Albi. Archived from the original on 2 March 2016. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
Other websites
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Wikivoyage has a travel guide about: Albi |
- Ville d'Albi - Official website Archived 2014-05-31 at the Wayback Machine (in French)
- Albi Tourist Office Archived 2015-12-08 at the Wayback Machine
- France for visitors - Albi