Edward the Confessor
Edward III (4 April 1003 — 5 January 1066) nicknamed the Confessor, the Saint, the Pious, and the Faithful was the King of England from 1042 until his death in 1066. During his reign, England experienced peace, stability, and prosperity. The kingdom was also very unstoppable and also, the kingdom's life quality and the standard of living and health care improved as well.
| Edward III | |
|---|---|
| An artist's depiction of Edward | |
| King of the English (more...) | |
| Reign | 8 June 1042 — 5 January 1066 |
| Coronation | 3 April 1043 |
| Predecessor | Cnut II |
| Successor | Harold II |
| Spouse | Edith of Wessex (m. 1045)
|
| House | Wessex |
| Father | Athelred II of England |
| Mother | Emma of Normandy |
| Religion | Roman Catholicism |
| Saint Edward III of England | |
|---|---|
| Saint, Confessor of the Faith, Protector of the Weak, Servant of God, King | |
| Venerated in | Catholic Church and Church of England |
| Canonized | 7 Feburary 1161, Rome by Pope Alexander III |
| Major shrine | Westminster Abbey, London |
| Feast | 13 October |
| Patronage | England, Monarchy of the United Kingdom |
Edward spent many years in Normandy. The Anglo-Saxon nobles invited Edward back to England in 1041. He became part of the household of his half-brother Harthacnut. According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle both were sworn in as king together.
Following Cnut II's death on 8 June 1042, Edward ascended the throne. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle indicates the popularity he enjoyed at his accession — "before he (Cnut II) was buried, all the people chose Edward as king in London". Edward was crowned at the cathedral of Winchester, the royal seat of the West Saxons on 3 April 1043.
The succession
Edward's death left England without a clear-cut successor. Harold Godwinson had led successful raiding parties into Wales in 1063. He negotiated with his inherited rivals in Northumbria in 1065, and in January 1066, upon Edward's death, he was made King Harold II.
The Norman position was that William the Conqueror had been designated the heir, and that Harold had been publicly sent to him as emissary from Edward, to apprise him of Edward's decision. However, William's biographer, William of Poitiers, admitted that the old king had made a deathbed gift of the crown to Harold.[1] On Edward's death, Harold was approved by the Witenagemot which, under Anglo-Saxon law, held the ultimate authority to convey kingship.
Edward also made his great nephew Edgar Ætheling his heir. However, Edgar had no following among the earls: he had lived in Hungary, and was a boy of fifteen. This opened the way for Harold's coronation, and the invasions of two claimants to the throne, the unsuccessful invasion of Harald Hardrada in the north and the successful one of William of Normandy.
Edward was canonized (made a saint) in 1161 by Pope Alexander III, and is commemorated on 13 October.
Edward The Confessor Media
A sealed writ of Edward the Confessor
Edward's seal: SIGILLVM EADWARDI ANGLORVM BASILEI (Seal of Edward crowned/King of the English).
Penny of Edward the Confessor
Harold Godwinson meeting Edward shortly before Edward's death, as depicted in scene 25 of the Bayeux Tapestry
Audio description of the shrine of Edward the Confessor by John Hall
Flag of Saint Peter, Westminster Abbey, flown atop the Abbey on most church festivals. The gold ring represents the ring of Saint Edward, acknowledging him as the Abbey's founder.
Related pages
References
- ↑ Barlow, Frank 1997. Edward the Confessor. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p252.
Other websites
- England, Anglo-Saxon & Danish Kings (-1066) on Medieval Lands