List of heads of state of Costa Rica
First independent governments (1821–1824)
On October 11, 1821, the province of Costa Rica proclaimed its absolute independence from Spain. On the 29th of that month, the city of Cartago, head of the Partido de Costa Rican, also signed an act declaring the absolute independence of the Spanish Government.
During this period the main divisions occurred between two sides; the imperialist who sought to annex Costa Rica to the First Mexican Empire and the Republican who sought full independence from Costa Rica. The monarchicals or monarchists also advocated the recognition of Agustín de Iturbide as emperor.
{{center|.svg){kind=small} Political chief of the Province of Costa Rica<ref name="Clotilde" | ||||||
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Juan Manuel de Cañas | Political chief | October 11, 1821 – November 12, 1821 | Españolista | ||
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Nicolás Carrillo y Aguirre | President of the Town's Legates Junta | November 12, 1821 – December 1, 1821 | Imperialist | ||
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Pedro José de Alvarado y Baeza | President of the Provisional Government Junta | December 1821– January 1822 | Imperialist | ||
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Rafael Barroeta y Castilla | President of the Electors Board | January 6–13, 1822; president of the Superior Government Junta, January 6 – April 13, 1822 | Imperialist | ||
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Santiago de Bonilla y Laya-Bolívar | President of the Superior Government Junta | 13 Aprial – June 15, 1822 | Liberal | ||
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José María de Peralta | President of the Superior Government Junta | June 15 – October 17, 1822 | Republican | ||
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José Rafael Gallegos | President of the Superior Government Junta | 17 octubre de 1822– January 1, 1823 | Imperialist | ||
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José Santos Lombardo | President of the Superior Government Junta | January 1 – March 20, 1823 | Imperialist | ||
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Rafael Francisco Osejo | President of the Diputación of Costa Rica | March 20–29, 1823 | Republican | ||
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Joaquín de Oreamuno | General Commander of Arms, de facto | March 29 – April 5, 1823 | Imperialist | ||
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Gregorio José Ramírez | General Commander of Arms, de facto | April 5 – 16, 1823 | Republican | ||
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José María de Peralta | President of the Constituent Provincial Congress | April 16 – May 10, 1823 | Republican | ||
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Manuel Alvarado e Hidalgo | President of the Superior Government Junta | 1823–1824 | Republican | ||
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Eusebio Rodríguez y Castro | President of the Superior Government Junta | January 8 – February 12, 1824 | Republican | ||
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Manuel Alvarado e Hidalgo | President of the Superior Government Junta | February 12 – September 8, 1824 | Republican | ||