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{{Infobox language

{{Infobox language

| name            = Urdu

| name            = Urdu

| altname          = '''Lashkari''' ('''لشکری''')

| altname          = '''Lashkari''' ('''لِشٍّکری''')

| nativename      = {{lang|ur|{{nq|اُردُو}}}}

| nativename      = {{lang|ur|{{nq|اُرْدُو}}}}

| pronunciation    = {{IPA-hns|ˈʊrduː||hi-Urdu.ogg}}

| pronunciation    = {{IPA-hns|ˈʊrduː||hi-Urdu.ogg}}

| states          = [[India]] and [[Pakistan]]

| states          = [[India]] and [[Pakistan]]

}}

}}

'''Urdu''', also known as '''Lashkari''',<ref name="Ahmad2009">{{cite book|author=Aijazuddin Ahmad|title=Geography of the South Asian Subcontinent: a critical approach |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I2QmPHeIowoC&pg=PA120|year=2009 |publisher=Concept Publishing Company|isbn=978-81-8069-568-1|pages=120–|quote=The very word Urdu came into being as the original '''''Lashkari''''' dialect, in other words, the language of the army.}}</ref> or the '''Lashkari language''' (لشکری ‍زبان)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pu.edu.pk/images/journal/uoc/PDF-FILES/(13)%20Kanwal%20Khalid-90-3-2015.pdf|title=Lahore During the Ghaznavid Period|work=Kanwal Khalid, PhD Associate Professor, College of Art and Design [[University of the Punjab]], [[Lahore]]}}</ref> is the [[national language]] of [[Pakistan]] and a recognized [[regional language|regional dialect]] in India. Urdu is an [[Indo-Aryan languages|Indo-Aryan language]], which means that it came from Proto-Indo-Aryan, a language that was spoken northeast of the [[Caspian Sea]] in the second millennium BCE.<ref>Trautmann, Thomas, and Yoda Press. "Indo-European topics."</ref>

'''Urdu''', also known as '''Lashkari''',<ref name="Ahmad2009">{{cite book|author=Aijazuddin Ahmad|title=Geography of the South Asian Subcontinent: a critical approach |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I2QmPHeIowoC&pg=PA120|year=2009 |publisher=Concept Publishing Company|isbn=978-81-8069-568-1|pages=120–|quote=The very word Urdu came into being as the original '''''Lashkari''''' dialect, in other words, the language of the army.}}</ref> or the '''Lashkari language''' (لِشْکری زَبَانِ)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pu.edu.pk/images/journal/uoc/PDF-FILES/(13)%20Kanwal%20Khalid-90-3-2015.pdf|title=Lahore During the Ghaznavid Period|work=Kanwal Khalid, PhD Associate Professor, College of Art and Design [[University of the Punjab]], [[Lahore]]}}</ref> is the [[national language]] of [[Pakistan]] and a recognized [[regional language|regional dialect]] in India. Urdu is an [[Indo-Aryan languages|Indo-Aryan language]], which means that it came from Proto-Indo-Aryan, a language that was spoken northeast of the [[Caspian Sea]] in the second millennium BCE.<ref>Trautmann, Thomas, and Yoda Press. "Indo-European topics."</ref>

Most people in [[Pakistan]] speak it as a [[lingua franca]]. There are parts of [[India]] that speak it, such as [[Delhi]], [[Bihar]], and [[Uttar Pradesh]], for example. Despite a few differences, the words in Hindi are very similar to Urdu. The way it is written, is different from how [[Hindi]] is written. People who speak Hindi and Urdu may be able to able to understand or express the meaning of one of these two scripts in any order.

Most people in [[Pakistan]] speak it as a [[lingua franca]]. There are parts of [[India]] that speak it, such as [[Delhi]], [[Bihar]], and [[Uttar Pradesh]], for example. Despite a few differences, the words in Hindi are very similar to Urdu. The way it is written, is different from how [[Hindi]] is written. People who speak Hindi and Urdu may be able to able to understand or express the meaning of one of these two scripts in any order.

[[File:Lashkari Zaban calligraphy.png|thumb|275px|''Lashkari Zabān'' ("Battalionese language") title in Nashk script]]

[[File:Lashkari Zaban calligraphy.png|thumb|275px|''Lashkari Zabān'' ("Battalionese language") title in Nashk script]]

== Informal ==

== Informal ==

Urdu in its less formalized register has been called a ''rekhta'' (ریختہ, ), meaning "rough mixture". The more formal register of Urdu is sometimes called ''zabān-e-Urdu-e-mo'alla'' (زبان اردو معلہ {{IPA|[zəbaːn eː ʊrd̪uː eː moəllaː]}}), the "Language of Camp."

Urdu in its less formalized register has been called a ''rekhta'' (ریخِتْہ,), meaning "rough mixture". The more formal register of Urdu is sometimes called ''zabān-e-Urdu-e-mo'alla'' (زَبَّانُ ارْدُو مُعْلٍہ {{IPA|[zəbaːn eː ʊrd̪uː eː moəllaː]}}), the "Language of Camp."

In local translation, it is called ''Lashkari Zabān'' ({{Nastaliq|لشکری زبان}} [{{IPA|lʌʃkɜ:i: zɑ:bɑ:n}}])<ref>Khan, Sajjad, Waqas Anwar, Usama Bajwa, and Xuan Wang. "Template Based Affix Stemmer for a Morphologically Rich Language." International Arab Journal of Information Technology (IAJIT) 12, no. 2 (2015).</ref> meaning "language of [[battalion]]s" or "battalion language." This can be shortened to ''Lashkari''.

In local translation, it is called ''Lashkari Zabān'' ({{Nastaliq|لِشْکری زَبَانِ}} [{{IPA|lʌʃkɜ:i: zɑ:bɑ:n}}])<ref>Khan, Sajjad, Waqas Anwar, Usama Bajwa, and Xuan Wang. "Template Based Affix Stemmer for a Morphologically Rich Language." International Arab Journal of Information Technology (IAJIT) 12, no. 2 (2015).</ref> meaning "language of [[battalion]]s" or "battalion language." This can be shortened to ''Lashkari''.

The [[etymology]] of the word used in the Urdu language, for the most part, [[decides|decides]] how nice or well done your speech is. For example, Urdu speakers would distinguish between پانی ''pānī'' and آب ''āb'', both meaning "water" for example, or between آدمی  ''ādmi'' and مرد ''mard'', meaning "man." The first word is ad derivative from Adam (آدم) Arabic means from Adam, and it can be used for both man and woman in place of human being. The second word مرد ''mard''  refers to a gender or can be used for manly hood as well.

The [[etymology]] of the word used in the Urdu language, for the most part, [[decides|decides]] how nice or well done your speech is. For example, Urdu speakers would distinguish between پانی ''pānī'' and آب ''āb'', both meaning "water" for example, or between آدمی  ''ādmi'' and مرد ''mard'', meaning "man." The first word is ad derivative from Adam (آدم) Arabic means from Adam, and it can be used for both man and woman in place of human being. The second word مرد ''mard''  refers to a gender or can be used for manly hood as well.

== Urdu Media ==

== Urdu Media ==

<gallery widths='160px' heights='100%' mode='traditional' caption=''>

<gallery widths='160px' heights='100%' mode='traditional' caption=''>

File:Ganga-Yamuna Doab.png|Urdu originated in the area of the [[Western Uttar Pradesh|Ganges-Yamuna Doab]], though significant development occurred in the [[Deccan Plateau]].

File:Ganga-Yamuna Doab.png|Urdu originated in the area of the [[The Doab|Ganges-Yamuna Doab]], though significant development occurred in the [[Deccan Plateau]].

File:Nuskaha-e-Hamidiyya.jpg|Opening pages of the Urdu divan of [[Ghalib]], 1821

File:Nuskaha-e-Hamidiyya.jpg|Opening pages of the Urdu divan of [[Ghalib]], 1821

File:Trilingual road sign in India.png|Urdu and Hindi on a road sign in India. The Urdu version is a direct transliteration of the English; the Hindi is a part transliteration ("parcel" and "rail") and part translation: "karyalay" and "arakshan kendra"

File:Trilingual road sign in India.png|Urdu and Hindi on a road sign in India. The Urdu version is a direct transliteration of the English; the Hindi is a part transliteration ("parcel" and "rail") and part translation: "karyalay" and "arakshan kendra"

File:Zaban_urdu_mualla.png|The phrase ''zubān-e-Urdū-e-muʿallā'' ("the language of the exalted camp") written in [[Nastaʿlīq|Nastaʿlīq script]]

File:Zaban_urdu_mualla.png|The phrase ''zubān-e-Urdū-e-muʿallā'' ("the language of the exalted camp") written in the [[Perso-Arabic]] script

File:Urdu-alphabet-en-hi-final.svg|The Urdu [[Nastaʿliq]] alphabet, with names in the Devanagari and Roman scripts

File:Urdu-alphabet-en-hi-final.svg|The [[Urdu alphabet]], with transliterations in the Devanagari and Roman scripts

</gallery>

</gallery>

== References ==

== References ==