Alanine
Alanine (abbreviated as Ala or A)[3] is an α-amino acid. It has the chemical formula CH3CH(NH2)COOH.
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Alanine
| |
| Other names
2-Aminopropanoic acid
| |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | |
| PubChem | |
| KEGG | C01401 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:16977 |
| SMILES | O=C(O)C(N)C |
| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | C3H7NO2 |
| Molar mass | 89.08 g mol-1 |
| Appearance | white powder |
| Density | 1.424 g/cm3 |
| Melting point |
258 °C, 531 K, 496 °F |
| Solubility in water | 167.2 g/L (25 °C) |
| log P | -0.68[1] |
| Acidity (pKa) |
|
| -50.5·10−6 cm3/mol | |
The L-isomer is one of the 20 amino acids encoded by the genetic code. Its codons are GCU, GCC, GCA, and GCG. It is classified as a non-polar amino acid.[4]
L-Alanine accounts for 7.8% of the primary structure in a sample of 1,150 proteins.[5][6] Leucine is the only amino acid which is more common.
D-Alanine occurs in bacterial cell walls and in some peptide antibiotics.
Alanine Media
Spin view of ball-stick model
Synthesis of alanine*Kendall, E. C.; McKenzie, B. F. (1941). "dl-Alanine". Org. Synth.; Coll. Vol. 1: 21.
Synthesis of alanine*Kendall, E. C.; McKenzie, B. F. (1941). "dl-Alanine". Org. Synth.; Coll. Vol. 1: 21.
(S)-Alanine (left) and (R)-alanine (right) in zwitterionic form at neutral pH
References
- ↑ L-alanine_msds.
- ↑ CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (2016)CRC Press. p. 5–88. ISBN 978-1498754286.
- ↑ Nomenclature and symbolism for amino acids and peptides. IUPAC-IUB Recommendations 1983. Pure Appl. Chem. 56 (5), 1984: 595–624.
- ↑ Non-polar: electrons shared so that there is no difference in electric charge between different parts of the molecule.
- ↑ Doolittle, R. F.. Prediction of protein structures and the principles of protein conformation (1989). New York: Plenum. p. 599–623. ISBN 0-306-43131-9.
- ↑ Primary structure: the exact specification of its atomic structure and its chemical bonds.