Anabolic steroid
Anabolic steroids (anabolic-androgenic steroids)[1] are steroidal androgenics. They include natural androgens such as testosterone and synthetic androgens. The synthetic androgens have similar chemical structure and similar effects to testosterone.
The steroids increase protein within cells, mainly skeletal muscles. They cause the development and maintenance of male secondary sexual characteristics. They stimulate the growth of hair on the face and body.
The word anabolic, in reference to anabolism, comes from the Greek word anabole. That means: "That, which is thrown up, mound".
Androgens (or AAS) were synthesized in the 1930s. They are now used in medicine to bring on muscle growth and appetite. They also cause male puberty. AAS can also be used to treat chronic wasting conditions such as AIDS and cancer.[2]
Long term use of androgens can lead to or cause harmful health effects. These effects include harmful changes in cholesterol levels, acne, high blood pressure and liver damage.
Use of androgens in sports, racing and bodybuilding as performance enhancing drugs is under controversy because of their adverse effects. There is also the chance to gain unfair advantage in physical competitions. The use of androgens in sports is called doping. Their use is banned by most major sporting bodies.
Anabolic Steroid Media
Various AAS and related compounds
Numerous vials of injectable AAS
A vial of injectable testosterone cypionate
Addiction experts in psychiatry, chemistry, pharmacology, forensic science, epidemiology, and the police and legal services engaged in delphic analysis regarding 20 popular recreational drugs. AAS were ranked 19th in dependence, 9th in physical harm, and 15th in social harm.
The human androgen receptor bound to testosterone The protein is shown as a ribbon diagram in red, green, and blue, with the steroid shown in white.
DHT conversion to Winstrol via Pyrazol Group Addition at A-Ring.*DHT conversion to Primobolan via 1-Methyl Group Addition. *DHT conversion to Anadrol via 2-Hydroxymethylene Group Addition and 17a-Alkylation. DHT conversion to Superdrol via 2a, 17a-Dimethyl Group Addition.
Nandrolone conversion to Trestolone via 7a-Methyl Group Addition.*Nandrolone conversion to Trenbolone via 11ß-Hydroxy, 9,11-Double Bond Addition. *Nandrolone conversion to Norboletone via 17a-Ethyl Group Addition and 7a-Methyl Group Addition. Nandrolone conversion to Ethylnandrol via 17a-Ethyl Group Addition.
References
- ↑ Kicman, A. T. (2008). "Pharmacology of Anabolic Steroids". The British Journal of Pharmacology. 154 (3): 502–521. doi:10.1038/bjp.2008.165. PMC 2439524. PMID 18500378.
- ↑ Houglum, Joel E.; Harrelson, Gary L. (2011). Performance-Enhancing Drugs. SLACK Incorporated. ISBN 9781556429019. Retrieved October 19, 2018.