Bacterial microcompartment
A bacterial microcompartment is a structure inside bacteria. They are made of a protein shell which surrounds and encloses various enzymes.[1] They are similar to eukaryotic cell organelles, but do not have plasma membranes. They do not contain lipids.[2]
These compartments are typically about 100-200 nanometres across and made of interlocking proteins.[3]
Protein-enclosed compartments are also found in eukaryotes, such as enzyme encapsulation.[4]
Bacterial Microcompartment Media
The structure of the Bacterial Microcompartment shell. The first structure of a BMC shell, determined by X-ray crystallography and cryo-electron microscopy, contains representatives of each of the shell protein types: BMC-P, BMC-H and BMC-T, in both its trimer (upper right) and dimer of trimer (lower right), forms. [Image: Todd Yeates]
Generalized function schematic for experimentally characterized BMCs. (A) Carboxysome. (B) Metabolosome. Reactions in gray are peripheral reactions to the core BMC chemistry. BMC shell protein oligomers are depicted on the left: blue, BMC-H; cyan, BMC-T; yellow, BMC-P. 3-PGA, 3-phosphoglycerate, and RuBP, ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate.
Electron micrographs showing alpha-carboxysomes from the chemoautotrophic bacterium Halothiobacillus neapolitanus: (A) arranged within the cell, and (B) intact upon isolation. Scale bars indicate 100 nm.
Electron micrograph of Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 cell showing the carboxysomes as polyhedral dark structures. Scale bar indicates 500 nm.
References
- ↑ Bobik T.A. (2007). "Bacterial microcompartments" (PDF). Microbe. Am Soc Microbiol. 2: 25–31. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-08-02. Retrieved 2011-01-06.
- ↑ Sutter M, Boehringer D, Gutmann S; et al. (August 2008). "Structural basis of enzyme encapsulation into a bacterial nanocompartment". Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 15 (9): 939–947. doi:10.1038/nsmb.1473. hdl:20.500.11850/150838. PMID 18758469. S2CID 205522743.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ↑ Yeates TO, Kerfeld CA, Heinhorst S, Cannon GC, Shively JM (August 2008). "Protein-based organelles in bacteria: carboxysomes and related microcompartments". Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 6 (9): 681–691. doi:10.1038/nrmicro1913. PMID 18679172. S2CID 22666203.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ↑ Kedersha NL, Miquel MC, Bittner D, Rome LH (1990). "Vaults. II. Ribonucleoprotein structures are highly conserved among higher and lower eukaryotes". J Cell Biol. 110 (4): 895–901. doi:10.1083/jcb.110.4.895. PMC 2116106. PMID 1691193.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)