Batar
Batar also spell Battar[1][2][3][4] is a royal clan of the Gujjar ethnic community.[5][6] they are mostly found in the Indian states of Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Haryana, Indian-Kashmir and Pakistani areas of Kashmir and Punjab.[7]
Origin and history
The Bhattar or Batar Gurjars is a subclan of Maitrak Gujjars and are the descendants of Vallabh Bhattarak who was the senapati of Gupta dynasty and later founder of the Maitraka dynasty of Gujarat (G.I. chapter 5).[8][9]
In the Saharanpur district of Uttar Pradesh state of India, the Battar Gurjars possess 52 villages surrounding Gangoh Town.[8]
In Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh Battar and Rathi Gujjar have their own Khaps and Batar Gujjar khap based in more than seven villages in Saharanpur district and nearby areas.[10]
Variants
Variants of this Gujjar clan name includes, Battar,[2] Batar Bhattar, Bhatar, Bhatarak or Bhatarik.[8]
References
- ↑ Raheja, Gloria Goodwin (1988-09-15). The Poison in the Gift: Ritual, Prestation, and the Dominant Caste in a North Indian Village. University of Chicago Press. p. 18. ISBN 978-0-226-70729-7.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Jeffrey, Robin (1990). India, Rebellion to Republic: Selected Writings, 1857-1990. Sterling Publishers. p. 13. ISBN 978-81-207-1107-5.
Here excessive, differential taxation appears to have been a major grievance, whether among the backward Pundir and Batar (Battar) Gujars of Saharanpur district, or the advanced cash-crop Jat farmers of western Meerut and north-eastern.
- ↑ Rahi, Javaid (2012-01-01). The Gujjars Vol: 01 and 02 Edited by Dr. Javaid Rahi. Jammu and Kashmir Acacademy of Art, Culture , Languages , Jammu. p. 667.
- ↑ Bingley, A. H. (2018-07-20). Jats, Gujars and Ahirs. Government Central Printing Office,Simla. p. 38.
- ↑ Crooke, William (1896). The Tribes and Castes of the North-western Provinces and Oudh. Office of the superintendent of government printing. p. 443.
- ↑ First History Conference on the Gurjars and Their Contribution in History (in हिन्दी). Bhāratīya Gurjara Parishada. 1993. p. 30.
- ↑
- "Gurjar Gotra". 2023-12-10. Archived from the original on 2023-12-10. Retrieved 2024-05-31.
- "Gujjar history by Ali Hassan Chauhan Gurjar". 2017-08-18. Archived from the original on 2017-08-18. Retrieved 2024-05-31.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Rahi, Javaid (2012-01-01). The Gujjars Vol: 01 and 02 Edited by Dr. Javaid Rahi. Jammu and Kashmir Acacademy of Art, Culture , Languages , Jammu. p. 301.
- ↑ "Gujjar history by Ali Hassan Chauhan Gurjar". 2017-08-18. Archived from the original on 2017-08-18. Retrieved 2024-05-31.
- ↑ "Uttar Pradesh functioning under medieval rule: Batar Khap of Gujjars". India Today. 2012-07-14. Retrieved 2024-06-14.