Battle of Halidon Hill
On 19 July 1333, a Scottish army led by Sir Archibald Douglas engaged an English army under the leadership of King Edward III of England (reigned 1327–1377) and was decisively defeated at the Battle of Halidon Hill. The previous year, Edward Balliol had secretly usurped the Scottish Crown from five-year-old David II (r. 1329-1371), with the help of Edward III.[1][2] This was the beginning of the Second War of Scottish Independence. Balliol was quickly driven out of Scotland by a popular rebellion, which Edward III exploited as a pretext for invading Scotland in 1333. The immediate aim was Berwick-upon-Tweed, a strategically significant border town that the English besieged in March.
Battle Of Halidon Hill Media
A medieval depiction of Edward III at the siege of Berwick 
A 19th-century view of the Scottish charge at Halidon Hill 
Monument marking the site of the battle 
Territory ceded to England by Edward Balliol[note 1] Scottish territory not claimed by England ceded Scottish territory England
References
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- ↑ Back in the Day: The myths behind the Second War of Independence. The National.
- ↑ History, Military. Edward III, the Black Prince, and the Battle of Crécy | The Past. the-past.com (12 January 2022).
- ↑ Sumption 1990, p. 131.
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