Bruxism
Bruxism is the problem of too much tooth grinding or jaw clenching.[1] It is not a normal use for teeth like eating or talking.[1] Bruxism is a common problem that affects 8–31% of people.[2] Bruxism can wear down teeth, make them too sensitive, and cause headaches and jaw pain. It can also harm dental work like crowns and fillings.[3] Sometimes these problems are not noticed, so not everyone with bruxism knows they have it.
| Bruxism | |
|---|---|
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| Attrition (tooth wear caused by tooth-to-tooth contact) can be a manifestation of bruxism. |
There are two main kinds of bruxism: sleep bruxism and awake bruxism. Sleep bruxism happens when the person sleeps, and awake bruxism happens when the person is awake. Symptoms of sleep bruxism are often worse when waking up. Awake bruxism can feel fine when waking up, then get worse as the day goes on. There may be many reasons why people grind their teeth and clench their jaws.[4][5] Awake bruxism may have different causes from sleep bruxism. Females are more likely to have awake bruxism. Sleep bruxism affects males as often as females.[5] Several treatments are used, but none are proved to be very effective.[6]
Bruxism Media
View from above of an anterior (front) tooth showing severe tooth wear which has exposed the dentin layer (normally covered by enamel). The pulp chamber is visible through the overlying dentin. Tertiary dentin will have been laid down by the pulp in response to the loss of tooth substance. Multiple fracture lines are also visible.
The left temporalis muscle
The left medial pterygoid muscle, and the left lateral pterygoid muscle above it, shown on the medial surface of the mandbilar ramus, which has been partially removed along with a section of the zygomatic arch
The left masseter muscle (red highlight), shown partially covered by superficial muscles
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References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Wassell, R.W. (2008). Applied occlusion. London: Quintessence. pp. 26–30. ISBN 978-1-85097-098-9.
- ↑ Manfredini D, Winocur E, Guarda-Nardini L, Paesani D, Lobbezoo F (2013). "Epidemiology of bruxism in adults: a systematic review of the literature". Journal of Orofacial Pain. 27 (2): 99–110. doi:10.11607/jop.921. PMID 23630682.
- ↑ Field, E. Anne; Longman, Lesley; Tyldesley, William R. (2003). Tyldesley's Oral medicine (5th ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 195. ISBN 978-0-19-263147-3.
- ↑ Cawson, R.A.; Odell, E.W.; Porter, Stephen R. (2002). Cawsons essentials of oral pathology and oral medicine (7th ed.). Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. pp. 6, 566, 364, 366. ISBN 978-0-443-07106-5.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Shetty S, Pitti V, Satish Babu CL, Surendra Kumar GP, Deepthi BC (September 2010). "Bruxism: a literature review". Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society. 10 (3): 141–8. doi:10.1007/s13191-011-0041-5. PMC 3081266. PMID 21886404.
- ↑ Lobbezoo F, van der Zaag J, van Selms MK, Hamburger HL, Naeije M (July 2008). "Principles for the management of bruxism". Journal of Oral Rehabilitation. 35 (7): 509–23. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2842.2008.01853.x. PMID 18557917.