Caeciliidae
Caeciliidae is the family of common caecilians. They are found in Central and South America, equatorial Africa and India. Like other caecilians, they look like worms or snakes.
| Caeciliidae | |
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| Siphonops annulatus | |
| Scientific classification | |
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| Phylum: | |
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| Family: | Caeciliidae Rafinesque-Schmaltz, 1814
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| Genera | |
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Boulengerula | |
Although they are the most diverse of the caecilian families, the caeciliids do have a number of features in common that make them different from other caecilians. In particular, their skulls have few bones. The ones tey have are fused to form a solid ram. This helps in digging through the soil. The mouth is beneath the nose area. There is no tail.[1]
Many caeciliids lay their eggs in moist soil. The eggs then hatch into aquatic larvae. However, some species do not have a larval stage. The eggs hatch into juveniles with the same form as the adults. In some they lack eggs and give birth to live young.[1]
Species
- Genus Boulengerula – Boulenger's Caecilians
- Genus Brasilotyphlus – Brazilian Caecilians
- Genus Caecilia – Common Caecilians
- Caecilia abitaguae
- Caecilia albiventris
- Caecilia antioquiaensis
- Caecilia armata
- Caecilia attenuata
- Caecilia bokermanni
- Caecilia caribea
- Caecilia corpulenta
- Caecilia crassisquama
- Caecilia degenerata
- Caecilia disossea
- Caecilia dunni
- Caecilia flavopunctata
- Caecilia gracilis
- Caecilia guntheri
- Caecilia inca
- Caecilia isthmica
- Caecilia leucocephala
- Caecilia marcusi
- Caecilia mertensi
- Caecilia nigricans
- Caecilia occidentalis
- Caecilia orientalis
- Caecilia pachynema
- Caecilia perdita
- Caecilia pressula
- Caecilia subdermalis
- Caecilia subnigricans
- Caecilia subterminalis
- Caecilia tentaculata
- Caecilia tenuissima
- Caecilia thompsoni
- Caecilia volcani
- Genus Caecilita
- Genus Dermophis – Mexican Caecilians
- Genus Gegeneophis – Forest Caecilians
- Genus Geotrypetes – West African Caecilians
- Geotrypetes angeli
- Geotrypetes pseudoangeli
- Geotrypetes seraphini, Gaboon caecilian
- Genus Grandisonia – Seychelles Caecilians
- Genus Gymnopis – Wet Forest Caecilians
- Genus Herpele – Congo Caecilians
- Genus Hypogeophis – Frigate Island Caecilian
- Genus Idiocranium – Makumuno Assumbo Caecilian
- Genus Indotyphlus – Battersby's Caecilians
- Genus Luetkenotyphlus – São Paulo Caecilian
- Genus Microcaecilia – Tiny Caecilians
- Genus Mimosiphonops – Worm Patterned Caecilians
- Genus Oscaecilia – South American Caecilians
- Genus Parvicaecilia – Columbian Caecilians
- Genus Praslinia – Cooper's Caecilian
- Genus Schistometopum – Guinae Caecilians
- Genus Siphonops – Ringed Caecilians
- Genus Sylvacaecilia – Aleku Caecilian
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Nussbaum, Ronald A. (1998). Cogger, H.G. & Zweifel, R.G. (ed.). Encyclopedia of Reptiles and Amphibians. San Diego: Academic Press. p. 57. ISBN 0-12-178560-2.
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- Nussbaum, Ronald A.; Wilkinson, Mark (1989). "On the Classification and Phylogeny of Caecilians". Herpetological Monographs (3): 1–42. doi:10.2307/1466984. JSTOR 1466984.
- San Mauro, Diego; Gower, David J.; Oommen, Oommen V.; Wilkinson, Mark; Zardoya, Rafael (November 2004). "Phylogeny of caecilian amphibians (Gymnophiona) based on complete mitochondrial genomes and nuclear RAG1". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 33 (2): 413–427. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2004.05.014. PMID 15336675.
- San Mauro, Diego; Vences, Miguel; Alcobendas, Marina; Zardoya, Rafael; Meyer, Axel (May 2005). "Initial diversification of living amphibians predated the breakup of Pangaea". American Naturalist. 165 (5): 590–599. doi:10.1086/429523. PMID 15795855. S2CID 17021360.
- San Mauro, Diego; Gower, David J.; Massingham, Tim; Wilkinson, Mark; Zardoya, Rafael; Cotton, James A. (August 2009). "Experimental design in caecilian systematics: phylogenetic information of mitochondrial genomes and nuclear rag1". Systematic Biology. 58 (4): 425–438. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syp043. PMID 20525595.
- Frost, Darrel R. 2004. Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 3.0 (22 August 2004). Electronic Database accessible at http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/index.php. American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA
- AmphibiaWeb: Information on amphibian biology and conservation. [web application]. 2004. Berkeley, California: AmphibiaWeb. Available: http://amphibiaweb.org/. Retrieved 26 August 2004