Distinguished Service Cross (United States)
The Distinguished Service Cross (abbreviation DSC) is the second highest military award that can be given to a member of the United States Army.[a] It is awarded for extreme gallantry and risk of life in actual combat with an armed enemy force. Actions that merit the Distinguished Service Cross must be above those required for all other U.S. combat decorations, but are not high enough for the Medal of Honor. The Distinguished Service Cross is the same as the Navy Cross (Navy and Marine Corps). The Air Force) has the Air Force Cross and the Coast Guard has the equivalent Coast Guard Cross. All are equivalent (equal) awards.
History
The Distinguished Service Cross was first awarded during World War I. In addition, a number of awards were made for actions before World War I. These were to soldiers who had received a 'Certificate of Merit' for gallantry. At the time the certificate was given it was the only other honor for gallantry the Army could award other than a Medal of Honor. Others were awarded for earlier actions in the Philippines, on the Mexican Border and during the Boxer Rebellion.[2]
Criteria
The Distinguished Service Cross may be awarded to any person serving in any capacity with the United States Army. The person must distinguish himself or herself by extraordinary heroism while engaged in an action against an enemy.[3] Or, while engaged in military operations involving conflict with an opposing/foreign force or while serving with friendly forces.[3] The act or acts of heroism must have been so notable and have involved risk of life so extraordinary as to set the individual apart from his or her comrades.[4] But it is not sufficient to merit the Medal of Honor.
Order of precedence
The Distinguished Service Cross is worn on the uniform after the Medal of Honor but before the Defense Distinguished Service Medal.[5] It is to be worn before the Silver Star.[5] When a second (or more) award is given an oak leaf cluster is added to the award.[5]
Distinguished Service Cross (United States) Media
Army Distinguished Service Cross
Army Distinguished Service Cross Reverse
Major General Hanson Edward Ely, commanding the 5th Division, pinning the Distinguished Service Cross on Captain Howard R. MacAdams of the 5th Division's 7th Engineer Regiment, Esch, Luxembourg, December 30, 1918.
Lieutenant General Hunter Liggett awarding the Distinguished Service Cross to First Lieutenant Hugh Brewster of the 94th Aerial P. S. Squadron, Remicourt, Marne, France, December 18, 1918
President Lyndon B. Johnson awards the Distinguished Service Cross to First Lieutenant Marty A. Hammer
MSG Brendan O'Connor receiving the Distinguished Service Cross
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Notes
- ↑ Before 26 July 1947 this included the United States Army Air Forces. After that date the Army Air force became the United States Air Force, a separate service.[1]
References
- ↑ Charles A. Ravenstein, The organization and lineage of the United States Air Force (Washington DC: Office of Air Force History, United States Air Force, 1986), p. 10
- ↑ 'Medals in Lieu of Brevets', Army and Navy Register, Vol 72, no. 2206 (28 October 1922), p. 410
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Frank C. Foster, United States Army Medal, Badges and Insignias (Fountain Inn, SC: MOA Press, 2011), p. 83
- ↑ 578.10 Distinguished Service Cross
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Fred L. Borch III, Medals for Soldiers and Airmen: Awards and Decorations of the United States (Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers, 2013), p. 105