German idealism
German idealism is a group of theories in philosophy that began in Germany in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. It was related to the Enlightenment and the French revolution. German idealists believed that nothing exists without the mind. This means that while the world exists, our knowledge about the outside world is limited to our experiences. Kant, Hegel, Fichte, and Schelling were the most famous German idealists.
German Idealism Media
Map of the Holy Roman Empire, c. 1789
The skepticism of Scottish philosopher David Hume was the "proximate philosophical cause" of German idealism.[1]
Immanuel Kant initiated the German idealist movement with his "critical philosophy".
Title page of the Critique of Pure Reason (1781)
Title page of the Critique of Practical Reason (1788)
Depiction of Jena in 1790
Johann Gottlieb Fichte sought to systematize Kant's philosophy by deriving all of experience from a single foundational principle: the self-consciousness of the "I".
Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling complemented transcendental idealism with a "philosophy of nature," viewing mind and nature as manifestations of a single "Absolute".
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Related pages
- ↑ Dudley 2007, p. 2.