Greek mathematics
Greek mathematics is to mathematics ideas and theories from the Archaic period through the Hellenistic and Roman periods, mostly started from the 7th century BC to the 4th century AD, around the Eastern Mediterranean. Greek mathematicians lived in cities over the entire Eastern Mediterranean from Italy to North Africa, sharing Greek culture and the Greek language. The word "mathematics" itself derives from the Ancient Greek: μάθημα máthēma Attic Greek: [má.tʰɛː.ma] Koine Greek: [ˈma.θi.ma], meaning "subject of instruction".[1][2][3][4]
Greek Mathematics Media
An illustration of Euclid's proof of the Pythagorean theorem
Pythagoras with a tablet of ratios, detail from The School of Athens by Raphael (1509). Modern historians question whether Pythagoras made any mathematical discoveries such as the Pythagorean theorem.
One of the earliest documented results in Ancient Greek mathematics is the Lune of Hippocrates, from the late 5th century BC. The shaded portion in the upper left is the same area as the shaded part of the triangle
The construction of the Platonic solids, from Book XIII of the Elements, is often credited to Theaetetus, who was active around the time of Plato
A papyrus fragment (P. Oxy. 29) from Euclid's Elements Book II, dated to approximately 100 AD.
Cover of Diophantus' Arithmetica in Latin
References
- ↑ Heath. A Manual of Greek Mathematics. Nature 128 (3235) (1931). p. 5. doi:10.1038/128739a0.
- ↑ Knorr, W.. Mathematics (2000). Greek Thought: A Guide to Classical Knowledge: Harvard University Press. p. 386–413.
- ↑ Boyer, C.B. (1991), A History of Mathematics (2nd ed.), New York: Wiley, ISBN 0-471-09763-2. p. 48
- ↑ Schiefsky, Mark. The Creation of Second-Order Knowledge in Ancient Greek Science as a Process in the Globalization of Knowledge (in english). MPRL – Studies. The Globalization of Knowledge in History (2012-07-20). Berlin: Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften. ISBN 978-3-945561-23-2. Retrieved 2021-03-27.