Iranian Azeris
The Iranian Azeris (Azeri: ایران آذربایجانلیلاری; Persian: ایرانیان آذربایجان), also known as Iranian Azerbaijanis or Persian Azeris,[1] are Iranians of Azerbaijani ethnicity.
ایران آذربایجانلیلاری | |
|---|---|
| Total population | |
 Iran: 20% of population[2][3] | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| |
| Languages | |
| |
| Religion | |
| Shia Islam |
Iranian Azerbaijanis are a Turkic-speaking people of mostly Iranian origin[4][5][6] and Azerbaijani language described as aTurkic language learned and spoken by Iranian peasants.[7] Genetic studies have also shown that gene and language are not related, that Azerbaijanis do not have a significantly high Turkic genetic heritage, no close genetic relationship was observed between Azeris of Iran and the people of Turkey or Central Asians[8][9] and that there is no significant difference between them and the other major ethnic groups of Iran.[9]
History
Ancient age
In the Achaemenid period Azerbaijan was part of the satrapy of Media. When the Achaemenid empire collapsed, Atropates, the Persian satrap of Media, made himself independent in the northwest of this region in 321 B.C. Thereafter Greek and Latin writers named the territory Media Atropatene or, less frequently, Media Minor. The Middle Persian form of the name was (early) Āturpātakān, (later) Ādurbādagān whence the New Persian Āḏarbāyjān.[10]
Medieval age
The Safavids, emerged in the Ardabil region of Iranian Azerbaijan and continued their existence until 1722/1736 by capturing all of Iranian Azerbaijan. The Safavids reasserted the Iranian identity of the region and established an independent Iranian state.[11] It is estimated that the Safavid dynasty was partly or wholly of Kurdish origin.[12][13][14]
Later, Iranian Azerbaijan fell into the hands of Pahlavis in 1925. The Azerbaijan People's Government was founded in 1945 but was overthrown by the Pahlavis in 1946.
With the 1979 Iranian Islamic revolution, Iranian Azerbaijan became a part of the Islamic Republic of Iran and has survived to the present day.
Iranian Azeris Media
Mirza Fatali Akhundzade (also known as Akhundov), celebrated ethnic Azerbaijani author, playwright, philosopher, and founder of modern literary criticism. Born in Nukha to a family originally hailing from Iranian Azerbaijan.
Sattar Khan, Iranian Azerbaijani, was a key figure in the Iranian Constitutional Revolution and is held in great esteem by many Iranians.
Iran's supreme leader Ali Khamenei, as the highest-ranking official in Iran, is an Iranian Azerbaijani.
Ardabil Carpet
Rug from Tabriz, Iran. made of wool and silk. "fish design"
Azerbaijanian Heriz carpet, 19th century. Carpet Museum, Tehran.
Qaradagh Carpet
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References
- ↑ Fyre 1960, p. 17.
- ↑ "Iran". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency (United States). "Persian 57%, Azeri 20%, Kurd 10%, Lur 6%, Baloch 2%, Arab 2%, Turkmen and Turkic tribes 2%, other 1%"
- ↑ "Iran - Azeris". World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples. "Azeris compose around 16 per cent of the overall population of the Islamic Republic of Iran and 3 times the population of neighbouring Azerbaijan."
- ↑ Arkelova 2015, p. 279.
- ↑ Fyre 2004, pp. 321-326.
- ↑ Roy 2000, p. 6.
- ↑ Planhol 2004, p. 204–212.
- ↑ Arnaiz-Villena, Antonio. HLA alleles and haplotypes in Iran Tabriz Azeris population: genes and languages do not correlate. Human Immunology 83 (6) (2022-06-01). p. 477–479. doi:10.1016/j.humimm.2022.04.002.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Farjadian, S.. HLA class II similarities in Iranian Kurds and Azeris. International Journal of Immunogenetics 34 (6) (December 2007). p. 457–463. doi:10.1111/j.1744-313x.2007.00723.x.
- ↑ Schippmann 1987, pp. 221-224.
- ↑ Savory 1980, p. 3.
- ↑ Matthee 2005, p. 17; Matthee 2008
- ↑ Amoretti & Matthee 2009.
- ↑ Savory 2008, p. 8.
Sources
- Fyre, R. N.. IRAN v. PEOPLES OF IRAN (1) A General Survey (2004). p. 321–326.
- Planhol, Xavier de. IRAN i. LANDS OF IRAN (2004). p. 204–212.
- Schippmann, K.. IRAN i. LANDS OF IRAN (1987). p. 221–224.
- Roy, Olivier. The New Central Asia (2000)New York University Press. p. 6. ISBN 978-1-84511-552-4.
- Arkelova, Victoria. On the Number of Iranian Turkophones. Iran and the Caucasus 19 (3) (2015). p. 279.
- Matthee, Rudi. The Pursuit of Pleasure: Drugs and Stimulants in Iranian History, 1500-1900 (2005)Princeton Universty Press. p. 18. ISBN 978-1-4008-3260-6.
- Amoretti, Biancamaria Scarcia. Ṣafavid Dynasty (2009)Oxford University Press.
- Matthee, Rudi. SAFAVID DYNASTY (2008).
- Savory, Roger. EBN BAZZĀZ VIII. Fasc. 1. (2008). p. 8.
- Savory, Roger. Iran under the Safavids (1980)Cambridge University Press. p. 3. ISBN 978-0-521-04251-2.
- Fyre, Richard. Persia 5 (1960)Routledge. p. 17. ISBN 978-1-136-84154-5.