KidzSearch Wiki

Jovan Radonjić

Jovan Radonjić (1748 – 8 July 1803), also known as Jovo or Joko, was the governor of Montenegro from 1764 to 1803.

Jovan Radonjić
guvernadur of Montenegro
In office
1764 – 8 July 1803

Time as guvernadur

Sava III

Jovan Radonjić was elected guvernadur of Montenegro in 1764. [1] He had great influence and was consulted by the Venetians, Ottoman officials, and local leaders. [2]

In 1770, Montenegrin leaders, including Jovan, sent a letter criticizing the Venetians for opposing Montenegro's relationship with Russia.[3] The letter was signed by guvernadur Jovan Radonjić, serdar Vukale Vukotić, serdar J. Đurašković, serdar Jovo Petrović, and serdar M. Plamenac.[3] In 1769, Russian Empress Catherine ordered the planning of an uprising in the Balkans, with Georgije Dolgorukov sent to Montenegro. [3] Orlov was during this Russo-Turkish war mostly in Italy, so that he was unable to assist Dolgorukov.[3]


In 1773, after the death of Šćepan Mali, [4] the Ottomans attacked the Kuči and Bjelopavlići[5] but were defeated. [4]

After the Russo-Turkish war, the Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca in 1774 did not mention Montenegro, [6] but Jovan sent a petition to Russia in 1775 to remind them of the Montenegrins. [6]

In 1775–76, there were conflicts between Montenegro and the Republic of Ragusa, and Jovan suggested peace.[7]


In 1779, Jovan and others thanked the Austrian Emperor for gifts, including a portrait, which they saw as a symbol of protection. [8]

Petar I

Jovan Radonjić and the Metropolitan were the two main leaders in Montenegro—Jovan was the actual ruler, while the Metropolitan had spiritual authority. [9] They disagreed on how Montenegro should be governed, with Jovan wanting control over both secular and spiritual matters, and the Metropolitan focusing on religious leadership. [10] Their political views also differed: the Metropolitan supported Russia, while Jovan favored Austria. [10][11] This led to two opposing factions, one pro-Russian and the other pro-Austrian, especially during the Austro-Turkish War (1787–91) and Russo-Turkish War (1787–92). [12]

During this time, Montenegro was divided into districts, governed by both Jovan and the Metropolitan, with the help of various officials, creating ongoing tension between secular and religious authorities. [13]

In 1785, when Kara Mahmud Pasha attacked Montenegro, Jovan fled to Venetian territory after burning down his house. [14] Kara Mahmud Pasha eventually withdrew after a series of conflicts with local tribes.

In 1788–89, Jovan sent letters to Russia requesting help, including the appointment of Sofronije Jugović as leader of Montenegro, [15] hoping to replace the Petrović family and secure power for himself. [16]

In 1789–90, Jovan traveled to Austria with a delegation, seeking Austrian support. [17] However, despite some aid in the form of supplies, Austria was reluctant to intervene directly.

In 1796, Jovan played a key role in defeating Kara Mahmud Pasha at the Battle of Martinići and later at the Battle of Krusi, where Kara Mahmud Pasha was killed. [18] Afterward, Jovan wrote to Austria requesting compensation for his burnt house, and the Austrians sent him money and materials to repair it.

Last years

Before his death, Jovan bought a printing press in Vienna and planned to teach the Montenegrins how to use it. However, Metropolian Petar I accused him of bringing an Austrian spy and of attempting to sell Montenegro to Austria. As a result, Jovan abandoned the printing project and sold the press to a merchant in the Bay of Kotor. Several years later, Petar II Petrović-Njegoš brought the same press back to Montenegro.

References

  1. ↑ Novak 1949, p. 176

    Иван-Јово- Јоко Радоњић изабран за гувернадура Црне Горе од Народне скупштине на Цетињу 1764 године.
  2. ↑ Čubrilović 1983, Млади гувернадур Јово Радоњић води главну реч у то доба у Црној Гори; њему се обраћају Млечићи, скадарски везир и околне турске паше и бегови кад је требало средити неко питање са Црном Гором..
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Glasnik cetinjskih muzeja 1974, p. 181
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Zapisi (1939)Cetinjsko istorijsko društvo.
  5. ↑ Летопис Матице српске (1898)У Српској народној задружној штампарији.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Stanojević & Vasić 1975, p. 399
  7. ↑ Stanoje Stanojević. Cetinjska škola: 1834-1934 (1934)Štamparija Drag. Gregorića. p. 29.
  8. ↑ Andrija Luburić. Porijeklo i prošlost Dinastije Petrovića (1940)Štamp. "Mlada Srbija".
  9. ↑ Stanojević & Vasić 1975, p. 460

    Петровић и гувернадур Јован Радоњић, два прва црногорска главара, један по звању, а други по стварном положају. У почетку сложни, они се ускоро размимоилазе, јер сваки од супарника настоји да обезбиједи првенство у ...
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Brastvo 32 (1941)Društvo sv. Save.. p. 91.
  11. ↑ Stanojević & Vasić 1975, p. 460.
  12. ↑ Čubrilović 1983, p. 362

    На питању за Аустрију или против Аустрије сукобили су се у руско-аустријском рату против Турске 1787 — 1792. владика Петар I и гувернадур Јоко Радоњић. Организујући отпор против аустријског утицаја у својој земљи за ...
  13. ↑ Историски записи 73 (2000)с.н.. p. 127.
  14. ↑ Rade Turov Plamenac. Memoari (1997)CID. p. 537. ISBN 9788649500471.
  15. ↑ Vasilije Derić. O srpskom imenu po zapadnijem krajevima našega naroda (1900)Štampano u državnoj štampariji.
  16. ↑ Srbsko učeno društvo 1891, p. 228.
  17. ↑ Stanojević & Vasić 1975, p. 442
  18. ↑ Novak 1949, p. 178

    ... под Мартинићима и 22 септембра исте године у Крусима, недалеко Под- горице, половином црногорске војске командовао владика Петар I, а другом половином гувернадур Јоко. Из овога се јасно види до које висине је доспела ...

Sources

Retrieved from "https://wiki.kidzsearch.com/w/index.php?title=Jovan_Radonjić&oldid=6862200"