Klein bottle

A Klein bottle, in 3D only

The Klein bottle is a geometrical object, named after the German mathematician Felix Klein. He described it in 1882, and named it Klein'sche Fläche (Klein surface). Like the Möbius strip, it only has one surface. Mathematicians call this a non-orientable surface. Klein bottles only exist in four-dimensional space, but a model of a Klein bottle can be made in 3D. This model is different from the original because at some point the shape touches itself. In 3D, part of the shape is "inside" the rest. This is not the case in 4D. Some 3D models use different colors to show the 4th component. The part that lies "inside" then has a different color.

Because the surface is non-orientable, there is no "inside" or "outside". This means that if a liquid were filled "in the bottle", it would run down its surface. This may not be true for the 3D models of the bottle.

The 2-dimensional version of a Klein bottle is a Möbius strip.

Making a Klein bottle from a rectangle

Join the arrows so that they face the same way, like so:

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• KleinBottle-folding-02.png
• KleinBottle-folding-03.png
• KleinBottle-folding-04.png
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Klein Bottle Media

• Klein bottle.svg

  A two-dimensional representation of the Klein bottle immersed in three-dimensional space

• Klein Bottle Folding 1.svg

  One of a series of diagrams illustrating the folding of a rectiangle into a Klein Bottle

• Science Museum London 1110529 nevit.jpg

  Immersed Klein bottles in the Science Museum in London

• Acme klein bottle.jpg

  Acmekleinbottle

• Klein bottle time evolution in xyzt-space.gif

  Time evolution of a Klein figure in xyzt-space

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  A 6-colored Klein bottle, the only exception to the Heawood conjecture

• KleinBottle-cut.svg

  Dissecting the Klein bottle results in two Möbius strips.

• KleinBottle-Figure8-01.svg

  The "figure 8" immersion of the Klein bottle.

• Kleinbagel cross section.png

  Klein bagel cross section, showing a figure eight curve (the lemniscate of Gerono).

• Pinched Torus Klein bottle.jpg

  The pinched torus immersion of the Klein bottle.

Other websites

• Acme Klein Bottles - Clifford Stoll sells blown-glass immersed Klein bottles.
• Klein bottle construction
• Klein Bottle Images by John Sullivan
• The Klein bottle Archived 2005-08-27 at the Wayback Machine
• A modular origami model of the Klein bottle Archived 2006-10-12 at the Wayback Machine
• A knitted version
• Paper klein bottle - make your own
• Geodesic klein bottles and some mystic musings
• Imaging Maths - The Klein Bottle Archived 2011-03-02 at the Wayback Machine