Mast cell
A mast cell is like a white blood cell (leukocyte) which lives and acts in tissues. It is made in bone marrow, and matures in tissues, where it defends against parasites.
| Mast cell | |
|---|---|
| |
| Mast cells | |
| Latin | mastocytus |
| System | Immune system |
Mast cells have many granules rich in histamine and heparin. Mast cells play an important protective role in wound healing and defence against pathogens.[1] They are a part cause of allergy and anaphylaxis,
The mast cell is very similar in both appearance and function to the basophil, a type of white blood cell. However, they are not the same. [2]
Mast cells were first described by Paul Ehrlich in his 1878 doctoral thesis. He noted the large granules visible once they were stained.[3] They are now considered to be part of the immune system.
Mast Cell Media
Illustration depicting mast cell activation and anaphylaxis
The role of mast cells in the development of allergy.
Skeletal formula of histamine. Created with ChemDoodle 8.0.0.3 and Adobe Illustrator CC 2015.
Structure of FcεR1 on mast cell. FcεR1 is a tetramer made of one alpha (α) chain, one beta (β) chain, and two gamma (γ) chains. IgE is binding to α chain, signal is transduced by ITAM motifs on β and γ chains.
References
- ↑ Prussin C, Metcalfe DD (2003). "IgE, mast cells, basophils, and eosinophils". J Allergy Clin Immunol. 111 (2 Suppl): S486–94. doi:10.1067/mai.2003.120. PMID 12592295.
- ↑ Marieb, Elaine N. & Katja Hoehn. 2007. Human anatomy and physiology. 7th ed, San Francisco: Pearson Benjamin Cummings, 659.
- ↑ Ehrlich P. 1878. Beiträge zur Theorie und Praxis der histologischen Färbung. Dissertation at Leipzig University.