Peerage of France

Heraldic depiction of a duke's coronet, with blue bonnet of a peer

Coronet and mantle of a duke and peer of France, shown here with the collars of the Ordres du roi

The Peerage of France (French: Pairie de France) the exclusive prestigious title and position of Peer of France was held by the greatest, highest-ranking members of the French nobility, was a hereditary distinction within the French nobility which appeared in 1180 in the Middle Ages, and only a small number of noble individuals were peers. The title of 'Peer of France' was an extraordinary honour granted only to a small number of princes, dukes, counts of the Roman Catholic Church.

French peerage thus differed from British peerage (to whom the term "baronage", also employed as the title of the lowest noble rank, was applied in its generic sense), for the vast majority of French nobles, from baron to duke, were not peers.^[1] It was analogous to the rank of Grandee of Spain in this respect. It was abolished in 1789 during the French Revolution.

Peerage Of France Media

Mantle and coronet of a duke and peer of France, shown here with the collars of the Ordres du roi [fr]
Arms of the Kingdom of France
Coats of arms of the twelve peers of France, 1516
Chamber of Peers in the Palais du Luxembourg (1841)

References

↑ In addition, the English peerage would share in the growing power of Parliament, while French pairs had no collective political role before the nineteenth-century creation of a Chamber of Peers.

Bibliography

Richard A. Jackson, "Peers of France and Princes of the Blood", French Historical Studies, volume 7, number 1 (Spring 1971), pp. 27–46
La Chanson de Roland, edited and translated by Ian Short, Paris: Livre de Poche, 1990, ISBN 978-2-253-05341-5

[1] In addition, the English peerage would share in the growing power of Parliament, while French pairs had no collective political role before the nineteenth-century creation of a Chamber of Peers.

[1]