Period 4 element
A period 4 element is an element in the fourth period (row) of the periodic table. It begins at potassium and ends at krypton. Period 4 has 18 elements.
Period 4 elements have electrons in the first four electron shells. All period 4 elements have one or more electrons in the fourth electron shell (valence electrons). When atomic number increases by one, another electron is added. Two electrons join the 4s orbital, ten electrons join the 3d orbital, and six electrons join the 4p orbitals.
Period 4 Element Media
Potassium pearls under paraffin oil. Original size of the largest pearl: 0.5 cm.
Pure calcium in a protective argon atmosphere
Scandium, sublimed-dendritic, high purity 99.998 % Sc/TREM. As well as an argon arc remelted 1 cm3 scandium cube for comparison.
A titanium crystal bar, high purity 99,995 %, made by the iodide process at URALREDMET in the Soviet era. Weight ≈283 g, ≈5.5 " long, ≈1 " diameter
A high purity (99.95 %) Vanadium disc, EBM remelted, electrical discharge cut, ground, polished and macro etched. Size ca. 35 mm dia., weight ca. 31.5 g.
High purity (99.999 % = 5N) chromium crystals, produced by chemical transport reaction through decomposition of chromium iodides, as well as a high purity (99,95 % = 3N5) 1 cm3 chromium cube for comparison.
Pure (99.99 %) manganese chips, electrolytically refined, typical view of on air oxidized surface, as well as a high purity (99.99 % = 4N) 1 cm3 manganese cube for comparison.
Pure (99.97 %+) iron chips, electrolytically refined, as well as a high purity (99.9999 % = 6N) 1 cm3 iron cube for comparison.
Pure (99.9 %) cobalt chips, electrolytically refined, as well as a high purity (99.8 % = 2N8) 1 cm3 cobalt cube for comparison.
A piece of Ni about 3 cm in size
