Pontifex Maximus

The Pontifex Maximus was the high priest of the Roman Republic and Empire. The words meant 'greatest bridge-builder'. It was a religious post under the Roman Republic, and a mostly ceremonial post under the Roman Empire. The term was later used in the Roman Catholic Church for the Pope.

Pontifex Maximus Media

Augustus as pontifex maximus'(Via Labicana Augustus)
Denarius depicting Julius Caesar as pontifex maximus
Pontifex maximus and Augustus Marcus Aurelius (r. 161–180) performing sacrifice in a relief from the Arch of Marcus Aurelius (Capitoline Museums)
Engraving by Christoph Weigel the Elder of Pope Clement XI, giving him the title pontifex maximus

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