Reading

A girl reading a book

Reading is understanding writing in a language. Fundamentally, reading is the way people look at certain marks and know what they mean.

Once it was possible to go through life without reading. Writing goes back in human history only a few thousand years, and 200 years ago most men could not read or write. We know this is true because they could not write their own names on marriage records in churches. Most men worked in farming, and you can do most of that job without being able to read. The wives could read: they lived at home before marriage and their mothers taught them. The boys went to work at, say, nine or ten, and never learnt to read.

Reading is understanding what is printed or written.^[1]^[2] It is how you get information about something that is written. It can only be done if one knows the language. Otherwise, you can only learn from other people telling you verbally, or from practical demonstration.

Some things you do when you read

Make predictions/hypotheses about the writing and ideas from the title of the reading material.
Read and group parts of the material.
Review all its words, understand the main idea, the details, facts, and sequences of the story,.
Make a logical judgment about a character's attitudes, behaviors, and conditions in the story.
Make reasonable predictions about what the next section will be about in the reading material.

One of the things writing does is create imaginary worlds. On the other hand, writing can be about practical life. That is a huge range of possibilities. Writing had to be invented: it sometimes comes as a shock to realise this.^[3] Much later, printing was invented. That took writing out of churches into the wider world, the world we all live in.

Reading Media

Musa reading a volumen (scroll), at the left an open chest. Attic red-figure lekythos, ca. 435-425 BC. From Boeotia.
There is a growing body of evidence which illustrates the importance of reading for pleasure for both educational purposes as well as personal development. Photo: Reading a newspaper in Catania, Sicily.
Volunteer reads to a girl at the Casa Hogar de las Niñas in Mexico City.
Woman reading on a train ride to pass the time, Oklahoma, U.S., June 1974
Senior reading a newspaper in Nepal
Researchers have concluded that approximately 95% of students can be taught to read by the end of the first or second year of school, yet in many countries 20% or more do not meet that expectation.
Reading to children is not the same as teaching children to read; however, it does help if the children's attention is directed to the words on the page as they are being read to.
The Simple View of Reading proposes four broad categories of developing readers: typical readers; poor readers; dyslexics; and hyperlexics.

Related pages

References

↑ Russell Stauffer 1970. Language experience approach to the teaching of reading. New York, Harper & Row.
↑ Anthony V. Manzo; Ula Casale Manzo (1995). Teaching children to be literate: a reflective approach. LiteracyLeaders. pp. 283–285. ISBN 978-0-15-300560-2.
↑ Gaur, Albertine 1992. A history of writing. The British Library ISBN 0-7123-0270-0.

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[1] Russell Stauffer 1970. Language experience approach to the teaching of reading. New York, Harper & Row.

[2] Anthony V. Manzo; Ula Casale Manzo (1995). Teaching children to be literate: a reflective approach. LiteracyLeaders. pp. 283–285. ISBN 978-0-15-300560-2.

[3] Gaur, Albertine 1992. A history of writing. The British Library ISBN 0-7123-0270-0.

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