South Pole–Aitken basin

Topographical map of the South Pole-Aitken basin based on Kaguya data. Red represents high elevation, purple low elevation. The purple and red elliptical rings trace the inner and outer walls of the basin. (The black ring is an old artifact of the image.)

The South Pole–Aitken basin is a huge impact crater on the far side of Earth's Moon. Roughly 2,500 kilometres (1,600 mi) in diameter and 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) deep, it is one of the largest known impact craters in the Solar System. It is the largest, oldest and deepest basin on the Moon. The formation of the large lunar basins occurred before 3.8 billion years ago.

This moon basin was named after two features on opposing sides; the crater Aitken on the northern end and the southern lunar pole at the other end.

South Pole–Aitken Basin Media

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  Apollo 8 photograph showing the mountains along the northern rim of the basin

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  The South Pole–Aitken basin is the darker area at the bottom of this image of the far side of the Moon.

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  A possible configuration of South Pole–Aitken basin sample return spacecraft. On the image, it is on the near side of the Moon.