Turbojet

A turbojet is a kind of jet engine that works by squeezing air into a small space, mixing it with fuel, and setting it on fire.^[1]^[2] The mixture of fuel and air goes out the back of the engine and pushes it forward. As it leaves the engine it spins a turbine which turns a gas compressor at the front which sucks in more air and compresses it.

Turbofan engines are more complex. They are more common today because they can make more power, for the same amount of fuel, than a turbojet.^[2] They also make less noise. Supersonic aircraft still use the simpler kind.

Parts

The air intake is the part at the front of the engine. The intake is where the air is brought into the engine.
The air compressor squeezes the air, in order to make it smaller. This makes the pressure and temperature higher. The air compressor is made out of spinning blades called rotors, and blades that do not move, called stators.
The combustion chamber is where the air is burnt. Fuel is injected by several tubes, and the fire heats up the air.
After passing the combustion chamber, the air pushes a turbine fan. This turbine fan is connected to the compressor. The air pushing on it makes the rotors of the compressor turn.
The nozzle is where the air comes out of the engine. The speed of the air is bigger than the speed at the air intake. This bigger force makes the vehicle move towards the front.
Some planes have an afterburner. The afterburner is like a combustion chamber, but is attached behind the nozzle. It has tubes which inject fuel and burns the air again. The afterburner is used in order to increase speed of the vehicle, but the use of fuel is very high. This makes it used rarely, for example on supersonic airplanes.

Turbojet Media

Junkers Jumo 004, the first production turbojet in operational use
Diagram of a typical gas turbine jet engine
Frank Whittle adjusts a slide rule while seated at his desk at the Ministry of Aircraft Production.
Hans Von Ohain. Lab Chief Scientist in the 70's. Inventor of the first jet engine.
Heinkel He 178, the world's first aircraft to fly purely on turbojet power, using an HeS 3 engine
The Whittle W.2/700 engine flew in the Gloster E.28/39, the first British aircraft to fly with a turbojet engine, and the Gloster Meteor
J85-GE-17A turbojet engine from General Electric (1970)
An animation of an axial compressor. The stationary blades are the stators.
Schematic diagram showing the operation of a centrifugal flow turbojet engine. The compressor is driven by the turbine stage and throws the air outwards, requiring it to be redirected parallel to the axis of thrust.
Schematic diagram showing the operation of an axial flow turbojet engine. Here, the compressor is again driven by the turbine, but the air flow remains parallel to the axis of thrust

Related pages

Gas turbine

References

↑ A Dictionary of Aviation, David W. Wragg. ISBN 9780850451634, 1st Edition Published by Osprey, 1973 / Published by Frederick Fell, Inc., NY, 1974 (1st American Edition.)
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 W. Austyn Mair, Aircraft Performance (Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 1992), pp. 77–78

Other websites

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[1] A Dictionary of Aviation, David W. Wragg. ISBN 9780850451634, 1st Edition Published by Osprey, 1973 / Published by Frederick Fell, Inc., NY, 1974 (1st American Edition.)

[Mair77.78-2] 2.0 ^2.1 W. Austyn Mair, Aircraft Performance (Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 1992), pp. 77–78

[1]

[2]