View source for Butane

{{Chembox
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 464365466
| ImageFileL1 = Butane simple.svg
| ImageFileL1_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageSizeL1 = 110
| ImageAltL1 = Skeletal formula of butane with all implicit hydrogens shown
| ImageFileR1 = Butan Lewis.svg
| ImageFileR1_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageSizeR1 = 120
| ImageAltR1 = Skeletal formula of butane with all carbon and hydrogen atoms shown
| ImageFileL2 = Butane-3D-balls.png
| ImageFileL2_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageSizeL2 = 120
| ImageAltL2 = Ball-and-stick model of the butane molecule
| ImageFileR2 = Butane-3D-space-filling.png
| ImageFileR2_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageSizeR2 = 120
| ImageAltR2 = Space-filling model of the butane molecule
| PIN = Butane<ref name=iupac2013>{{cite book | title =  Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry : IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book) | publisher = [[Royal Society of Chemistry|The Royal Society of Chemistry]] | date = 2014 | location = Cambridge | page = 4 | doi = 10.1039/9781849733069-FP001 | isbn = 978-0-85404-182-4 | quote = Similarly, the retained names ‘ethane’, ‘propane’, and ‘butane’ were never replaced by systematic names ‘dicarbane’, ‘tricarbane’, and ‘tetracarbane’ as recommended for analogues of silane, ‘disilane’; phosphane, ‘triphosphane’; and sulfane, ‘tetrasulfane’.| chapter = Front Matter }}</ref>
| SystematicName = Tetracarbane (never recommended<ref name=iupac2013 />)
| OtherNames = Butyl hydride<ref name=PGCH/><br>Quartane<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://rspl.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/15/54|title=I. On the action of trichloride of phosphorus on the salts of the aromatic monamines|first=August Wilhelm Von|last=Hofmann|date=1 January 1867|journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society of London|volume=15|pages=54–62|accessdate=20 September 2018|via=rspl.royalsocietypublishing.org|doi=10.1098/rspl.1866.0018|s2cid=98496840}}</ref>
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 106-97-8
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| PubChem = 7843
| ChemSpiderID = 7555
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| UNII = 6LV4FOR43R
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| EINECS = 203-448-7
| UNNumber = 1011
| KEGG = D03186
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| MeSHName = butane
| ChEBI = 37808
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 134702
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| RTECS = EJ4200000
| Beilstein = 969129
| Gmelin = 1148
| SMILES = CCCC
| StdInChI = 1S/C4H10/c1-3-4-2/h3-4H2,1-2H3
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
}}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| C=4 | H=10
| Appearance = Colorless gas
| Odor = Gasoline-like or natural gas-like<ref name=PGCH/>
| Density = 2.48 kg/m<sup>3</sup> (at {{convert|15|C}})
| MeltingPtK = 133 to 139
| BoilingPtK = 272 to 274
| Solubility = 61 mg L<sup>−1</sup> (at {{convert|20|C}})
| LogP = 2.745
| MagSus = -57.4·10<sup>−6</sup> cm<sup>3</sup>/mol
| VaporPressure = ~170 kPa at 283 K <ref>{{Cite journal|title=Pressure-Volume-Temperature Relations for n-Butane|journal=Industrial & Engineering Chemistry|volume=32|issue=3|pages=358–360|author=W. B. Kay|doi=10.1021/ie50363a016|year=1940}}</ref>
| HenryConstant = 11 nmol Pa<sup>−1</sup> kg<sup>−1</sup>
| ConjugateAcid = [[Butanium]]
}}
|Section3={{Chembox Thermochemistry
| DeltaHf = −126.3–−124.9 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>
| DeltaHc = −2.8781–−2.8769 MJ mol<sup>−1</sup>
| HeatCapacity = 98.49 J K<sup>−1</sup> mol<sup>−1</sup>
}}
|Section4={{Chembox Hazards
| Hazards_ref = <ref>{{cite web|title=Safety Data Sheet, Material Name: N-Butane|url=http://www.chemadvisor.com/Matheson/database/msds/MAT15370000800003.PDF|publisher=Matheson Tri-Gas Incorporated|accessdate=11 December 2011|location=USA|date=5 February 2011|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111001074639/http://www.chemadvisor.com/Matheson/database/msds/MAT15370000800003.PDF|archivedate=1 October 2011}}</ref>
| GHSPictograms = {{GHS flame}}
| GHSSignalWord = '''DANGER'''
| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|220}}
| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|210}}
| NFPA-H = 1
| NFPA-F = 4
| NFPA-R = 0
| NFPA-S = SA
| FlashPtC = −60
| AutoignitionPtC = 405
| ExploLimits = 1.8–8.4%
| PEL = none<ref name=PGCH>{{PGCH|0068}}</ref>
| IDLH = N.D.<ref name=PGCH/>
| REL = TWA 800 ppm (1900 mg/m<sup>3</sup>)<ref name=PGCH/>
}}
|Section5={{Chembox Related
| OtherFunction_label = alkanes
| OtherFunction = {{Unbulleted list|[[Propane]]|[[Isobutane]]|[[Pentane]]}}
| OtherCompounds = [[Perfluorobutane]]
}}
}}
[[File:Aerosol.png|thumb|right|Aerosol spray cans often contain Butane]]
'''Butane''' is an [[organic compound]] with the [[chemical formula]] {{chem|[[Carbon|C]]|4|[[Hydrogen|H]]|10}}. It is an [[alkane]] with four carbon [[atom]]s. It is used as a [[fuel]] (sometimes with [[propane]]) and in [[aerosol]] cans.
== Uses of Butane ==
Butane is sold in canisters, for cooking and camping. It is also used as [[fuel]] in [[cigarette]] [[lighter]]s, and as [[propellant]] in [[aerosol spray]]s or [[deodorant]]s. Some kinds of Butane are used in [[refrigerator]]s.

Mixtures with [[Propane]] are known as [[Liquefied petroleum gas|LPG]].
== Dangers ==
Butane can be hazardous. Inhalation can lead to death by [[asphyxiation]] due to displacement of oxygen in the lungs. Contact with the skin can lead to [[frostbite]]. If the gas is mixed with air and ignighted it is prone to [[explosion|explode]] like many other fuels that are [[volatile]]

== Butane Media ==
<gallery widths='160px' heights='100%' mode='traditional' caption=''>
File:Propane butane liquid vapor density zivenko.png|Propane and butane density data

File:Isobutane 1.svg|:Isobutane

File:I-Butane-2D-Skeletal.svg|Skeleton diagram of an i-Butane molecule

File:Spectrum of blue flame - intensity corrected.png|Spectrum of the blue flame from a [[butane torch]] showing CH molecular [[Radical (chemistry)|radical]] band emission and C2 [[Swan band]]s

File:Photo D2.jpg |Butane fuel canisters for use in camping stoves

File:The Green Lighter 1 cropped.jpg |Butane lighter, showing liquid butane reservoir

File:Aerosol.png |An aerosol spray can, which may be using butane as a propellant

File:ButaneGasCylinder WhiteBack.jpg |Butane gas cylinder used for cooking
</gallery>
== References ==
{{reflist}}
== Other websites ==
* [http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/safework/cis/products/icsc/dtasht/_icsc02/icsc0232.htm International Chemical Safety Card 0232]
* [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0068.html NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards]
* [http://www.it.swin.edu.au/personal/fwang/Mom/Mom_butane.html ''n''-Butane] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080925152401/http://www.it.swin.edu.au/personal/fwang/Mom/Mom_butane.html |date=2008-09-25 }} Molecule of the Month
* [http://www.bluerhinos.co.uk/molview/indv.php?id=11 Molview from bluerhinos.co.uk] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080508002124/http://www.bluerhinos.co.uk/molview/indv.php?id=11 |date=2008-05-08 }} See Butane in 3D
* [http://www.compchemwiki.org/index.php?title=Butane Computational Chemistry Wiki] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090430092851/http://www.compchemwiki.org/index.php?title=Butane |date=2009-04-30 }}
* [http://www.worldlpgas.com World LP Gas Association (WLPGA)]
* [http://www.lpga.co.uk/LPGA.htm LP Gas Association: Propane and Butane in the UK] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080413140037/http://www.lpga.co.uk/LPGA.htm |date=2008-04-13 }}
* [http://www.biobutane.com Global BioSciences] In-Situ Bioremediation utilizing Butane
* [http://twt.mpei.ac.ru/MAS/Worksheets/HEDH/5-5-14-03-16/Tab-5-5-14-06-BUTANE-viscosity.mcd Butane Viscosity as function of ] temperature and pressure


{{chem-stub}}
{{Fuel gas}}

[[Category:Alkanes|4]]
[[Category:Fuel]]

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