Butane
Butane is an organic compound with the chemical formula C4H10. It is an alkane with four carbon atoms. It is used as a fuel (sometimes with propane) and in aerosol cans.
| Butane | |
|---|---|
Butane[1] | |
Tetracarbane (never recommended[1]) | |
| Other names | Butyl hydride[2] Quartane[3] |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | |
| PubChem | |
| EC number | 203-448-7 |
| KEGG | D03186 |
| MeSH | |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:37808 |
| RTECS number | EJ4200000 |
| SMILES | CCCC |
| Beilstein Reference | 969129 |
| Gmelin Reference | 1148 |
| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | C4H10 |
| Molar mass | 58.12 g mol-1 |
| Appearance | Colorless gas |
| Odor | Gasoline-like or natural gas-like[2] |
| Density | 2.48 kg/m3 (at 15 °C (59 °F)) |
| Melting point |
Expression error: Unrecognized word "to". °C, 133 to 139 K, Expression error: Unrecognized word "to". °F |
| Boiling point | |
| Solubility in water | 61 mg L−1 (at 20 °C (68 °F)) |
| log P | 2.745 |
| Vapor pressure | ~170 kPa at 283 K [4] |
| kH | 11 nmol Pa−1 kg−1 |
| -57.4·10−6 cm3/mol | |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std enthalpy of formation ΔfH |
−126.3–−124.9 kJ mol−1 |
| Std enthalpy of combustion ΔcH |
−2.8781–−2.8769 MJ mol−1 |
| Specific heat capacity, C | 98.49 J K−1 mol−1 |
| Hazards | |
| NFPA 704 |
4
1
0
|
| Explosive limits | 1.8–8.4% |
| U.S. Permissible exposure limit (PEL) |
none[2] |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) | |
Uses of Butane
Butane is sold in canisters, for cooking and camping. It is also used as fuel in cigarette lighters, and as propellant in aerosol sprays or deodorants. Some kinds of Butane are used in refrigerators.
Dangers
Butane can be hazardous. Inhalation can lead to death by asphyxiation due to displacement of oxygen in the lungs. Contact with the skin can lead to frostbite. If the gas is mixed with air and ignighted it is prone to explode like many other fuels that are volatile
Butane Media
- Propane butane liquid vapor density zivenko.png
Propane and butane density data
- Isobutane 1.svg
- Isobutane
- I-Butane-2D-Skeletal.svg
Skeleton diagram of an i-Butane molecule
- Spectrum of blue flame - intensity corrected.png
Spectrum of the blue flame from a butane torch showing CH molecular radical band emission and C2 Swan bands
- Photo D2.jpg
Butane fuel canisters for use in camping stoves
- The Green Lighter 1 cropped.jpg
Butane lighter, showing liquid butane reservoir
An aerosol spray can, which may be using butane as a propellant
Butane gas cylinder used for cooking
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers at line 630: attempt to index field 'known_free_doi_registrants_t' (a nil value).
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0068". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
- ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers at line 630: attempt to index field 'known_free_doi_registrants_t' (a nil value).
- ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers at line 630: attempt to index field 'known_free_doi_registrants_t' (a nil value).
Other websites
- International Chemical Safety Card 0232
- NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards
- n-Butane Archived 2008-09-25 at the Wayback Machine Molecule of the Month
- Molview from bluerhinos.co.uk Archived 2008-05-08 at the Wayback Machine See Butane in 3D
- Computational Chemistry Wiki Archived 2009-04-30 at the Wayback Machine
- World LP Gas Association (WLPGA)
- LP Gas Association: Propane and Butane in the UK Archived 2008-04-13 at the Wayback Machine
- Global BioSciences In-Situ Bioremediation utilizing Butane
- Butane Viscosity as function of temperature and pressure
