2020 Brazil wildfires
The 2020 Brazil wildfires were a group of wildfires that began burning Brazil's rainforests in June[1] and continued into September. More than 12% of all the plants in the Pantanal rainforest had burned by August.[2]
| 2020 Brazil wildfires | |
|---|---|
| 2020 Brazil wildfires Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) image from NASA, taken August 1, 2020. | |
| Location | Brazil |
| Date | July 2020 to present |
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In June, Brazil's National Institute for Space Research (INPE) said its satellites had taken pictures of 2,248 fires. In June 2019, there had been 1,880 fires.[1]
Causes
It is normal for there to be some fires in the rainforest. Some are caused by lightning. But experts say most of the 2020 wildfires were set by humans.[2] Satellite photos of the new fires show most of them started along roads leading into land belonging to indigenous peoples who live in Brazil.[3]
Environmental scientists say that a time with very dry weather made the fires worse. In 2020, Brazil saw its worst drought in 50 years.[4] Other experts say the COVID-19 pandemic also made the fires worse because government agencies were too busy to fight the fires.[1]
Firefighter Alexandre Pereira who works in Mato Grosso do Sur said over 95% of the fires in his state had been started by people.[4]
Environmentalist Carlos Rittl from Germany's Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies blamed Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro,[2] who encouraged people to start fires. He also weakened IBAMA, Brazil's environmental agency, so it could not fight fires or punish people who started fires.[3]
Bolsonaro said the indigenous peoples started the fires, but photographs taken from craft orbiting the Earth show that the fires did not start on indigenous land.[4] Bolsonaro has said he wants people to be able to start farms and mines on land that the law says belongs to the indigenous Brazilians.[3]
Indigenous people
These fires are bad for the indigenous people in Brazil because they burn up the food that they would eat. The smoke from fires in some areas is flowing into other areas, harming people's health.[3]
Related pages
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Amazon fires at 13-year high for June. BBC. July 2, 2020. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-53262565. Retrieved September 23, 2020.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Fabiano Maisonnave; Tom Phillips (August 19, 2020). Fears for endangered macaw as fire devastates Brazilian wetland. Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/aug/19/hyacinth-macaw-brazil-fire-pantanal-endangered-birds. Retrieved September 23, 2020.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Shanna Hanbury (September 2, 2020). Survival of Indigenous communities at risk as Amazon fire season advances. MongaBay. https://news.mongabay.com/2020/09/survival-of-indigenous-communities-at-risk-as-amazon-fire-season-advances/. Retrieved September 23, 2020.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Dom Phillips (September 18, 2020). Brazilian wetlands fires started by humans and worsened by drought. Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/sep/18/brazilian-wetlands-fires-started-by-humans-and-worsened-by-drought. Retrieved September 21, 2020.