Cheetah
A cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) is a medium large cat which lives in Africa. It is the fastest land animal and can run up to 112 kilometers per hour for a short time. Most cheetahs live in the savannas of Africa. There are a few in Asia. Cheetahs are active during the day, and hunt in the early morning or late evening.
| Cheetah | |
|---|---|
_female_2.jpg)
| |
| Female Southern African cheetah KwaZulu Natal, South Africa | |
| Acoustic repertoire of cheetahs | |
| Conservation status | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Unrecognized taxon (fix): | Acinonychini |
| Genus: | Acinonyx |
| Species: | A. jubatus
|
| Binomial name | |
| Acinonyx jubatus (Schreber, 1775)
| |
| Subspecies | |
| |
| |
| The range of the cheetah
Former range Low density Medium density High density | |
.jpg)
Characteristics
The cheetah compared to other big cats is light and slimly built. Its long thin legs and long spotted tail are necessary for fast running.[2] Its lightly built, thin form is in sharp contrast with the robust build of other big cats. The head-and-body length ranges from 112–150 centimetres (44–59 in).[2] The cheetah stands 70 to 90 cm at the shoulder, and weighs 21–72 kilograms (46–159 lb).[2][3]
The slightly curved claws are only weakly retractable (semi-retractable).[2] This is a major point of difference between the cheetah and the other big cats, which have fully retractable claws.
Diet and behavior
Cheetahs are active during the day, and hunt in the early morning or late evening. Cheetahs are carnivores. They prey on antelope, wildebeest, zebras, warthogs, hares, birds, rodents, snakes, fish, lizards and even jackals.
When the cheetah hunts, it slowly and secretly moves toward its prey. When it is close to the prey (about 10–30 meters), it runs after it very quickly. Cheetahs kill their prey by tripping it during the chase. To kill medium- to large-sized prey, the cheetah bites the prey's throat to suffocate it to death. A bite on the back of the neck or the snout is enough to kill smaller prey.[4]
The cheetah cannot defend itself against lions or hyenas who would take the cheetah's prey away. The prey is taken to a shaded place. The cheetah, exhausted after the chase, rests beside the kill and pants heavily for some time. Once they recover, cheetahs eat quickly, and consume large quantities as soon as they can.
Reproduction
Pregnant females give birth to about 3 to 5 cubs or kittens after three months pregnancy. It takes two years of full-time supervision by the mother before the cubs are ready to live independent lives. They need to learn how to catch prey, and that takes time. The young are vulnerable to larger predators: lions especially try to kill cheetahs.
Genetics
The cheetah has unusually low genetic variability and a very low sperm count. Their sperms also suffer from deformed flagellae, and so their movement is damaged.[5] Apparently, cheetahs went through a great reduction in numbers during the last ice age. Inbreeding after the event further reduced the variation (genetic drift).
Cheetah as a pet
Due to the fact that cheetahs never attack and kill humans they were extremely popular as hunting pets since antiquity and especially in medieval times in the Near and Middle East.
In modern times, cheetahs probably are the most difficult wilds cats to have as pets, due to the necessity for wide open spaces for cheetah for them to run at full speed . It's very important to feed them properly, because cheetahs in captivity must eat only lean steamed meat so they do not get sick and perish.
Interesting facts
The cheetah is the fastest land dweller. The acceleration of a cheetah allows it to reach speeds of up to a hundred kilometers per hour in three seconds (its maximum speed is 112 kilometers per hour). The speed that a cheetah can develop from the start in three seconds cannot be matched by any sports racing car.
The nearest challenge to the cheetah's speed comes from the pronghorn and springbok.
Cheetah Media
An illustration of the "woolly cheetah" (described as Felis lanea) from the Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London (1877)
Cheetah, Masai Mara (52448476886)
Iranian Cheetah
Cheetah in the shade DVIDS147321
Acinonyx jubatus (white background)
Felis concolor - 1818-1842 - Print - Iconographia Zoologica - Special Collections University of Amsterdam -(white background)
Lydekker_-_Eyra_White_background
King cheetah. Note the distinctive coat pattern.
Cheetah portrait showing black "tear marks" running from the corners of the eyes down the side of the nose
Close view of a cheetah. Note the lightly built, slender body, spotted coat and long tail.
Cheetahs on the Edge (Director's Cut)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
References
- ↑ Durant, S.; Mitchell, N.; Ipavec, A.; Groom, R. (2015). "Acinonyx jubatus". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN. 2015: e.T219A50649567. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T219A50649567.en. Retrieved 13 January 2018.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Estes, R.D. 2004. (1992). The behavior guide to African mammals: including hoofed mammals, carnivores, primates (4th ed.). Berkeley, USA: University of California Press. pp. 377–83. ISBN 978-0-520-08085-0.
- ↑ Nowak R.M. 1999. (1999). Walker's mammals of the world (6th ed.). Baltimore, USA: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 834–6. ISBN 978-0-8018-5789-8.
- ↑ Sunquist F. & M. 2002. Wild cats of the world. The University of Chicago Press, pp. 14–36. ISBN 978-0-226-77999-7
- ↑ O'Brien S. Wildt D. & Bush M. 1986. The cheetah in genetic peril. Scientific American 254: 68–76. Skin grafts between non-related cheetahs illustrate this point: there is no rejection of the donor skin.
 |
Wikispecies has information on: Cheetah. |