Alveolar ejective fricative
An alveolar ejective fricative is a sound used in some spoken languages. The IPA letter for this sound is ⟨s’⟩. It is not in English.
| Alveolar ejective fricative | |
|---|---|
| sʼ | |
Characteristics
- The airstream mechanism is ejective (glottalic egressive). It means that the air is forced out by pumping the glottis upward.
- We produce it at alveolar. It means that we produce this sound with the tip of the tongue(apical) or the blade of the tongue at the alveolar ridge (laminal).
- Its behavior is fricative. It means that we produce this sound by constricting air flow through a narrow channel at the place of articulation, to make turbulence.
- It is an oral consonant. It means that air is allowed to escape through the mouth only.
- It is a central consonant. It means that we produce this sound by directing the air along the center of the tongue, but not to the sides.
Occurrence
| Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adyghe | Shapsug[1] | 'сӏ'э |  [sʼa] (info • help) |
'name' | Corresponds to [tsʼ] in other dialects. | |
| Amharic | ፀጉር/cegur | [sʼəgur] | 'hair' | More frequently realized as an affricate [t͡sʼ]. | ||
| Ganza[2]: Script error: The function "hyphen2dash" does not exist.  | [sʼásʼà] | ‘fat, thick’ | ||||
| Hausa[3] | 'ts'u'ts'a | [sʼusʼa] | 'worm' | Allophone of /tsʼ/ in some dialects | ||
| Keres | Acoma[4]: Script error: The function "hyphen2dash" does not exist.  | 's''eep'e | [sʼeːpʼe] | 'we bit it' | Contrasts with other ejective sibilants /[[Error using {{IPAsym}}: IPA symbol "ʃʼ" not found in list|ʃʼ]]/ and /[[Error using {{IPAsym}}: IPA symbol "ʂʼ" not found in list|ʂʼ]]/. | |
| Lakota | 's''a | [sʼa] | 'habitually' | |||
| Tlingit[5] | 'sʼ'eek | [sʼiːk] | 'bear' | |||
| Upper Necaxa Totonac[6] | [ˈsʼa̰ta̰] | 'small' | ||||
| Emberá-Catío[7] | [sʼokxo] | 'type of water jar' | ||||
![[sʼa]](/w/siteImages/blank-media.png){kind=link}
References
- ↑ Kerasheva, Z. I.. No Title (in ru) (1957). Maykop: Adyghe Book Publishing House.
- ↑ Smolders, Joshua. A Phonology of Ganza. Linguistic Discovery 14 (1) (2016). p. 86–144. doi:10.1349/PS1.1537-0852.A.470. Retrieved 2017-01-16.
- ↑ Jaggar, Philip J.. Hausa (in en). London Oriental and African Language Library 7 (2001-12-19)John Benjamins. ISBN 978-90-272-8304-7. doi:10.1075/loall.7.
- ↑ Miller, Wick R.. Acoma Grammar and Texts (1965)University of California Press.
- ↑ Maddieson, Ian. Aspects of the Phonetics of Tlingit. Anthropological Linguistics 43 (2) (2001). p. 135–176.
- ↑ Beck, David. The emergence of ejective fricatives in Upper Necaxa Totonac. University of Alberta Working Papers in Linguistics (2006-01-01).
- ↑ Mortensen, Charles Arthur (1994). Nasalization in a revision of Embera-Katio phonology. Arlington: MA thesis, University of Texas. https://www.sil.org/resources/archives/10027.