American toad
The American toad (Bufo americanus) is a species of toad. They live in eastern United States and Canada. There are three subspecies: the eastern American toad, the dwarf American toad, and the rare Hudson Bay toad.
| American toad | |
|---|---|
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| Specimen from Jacques-Cartier National Park, Quebec, Canada | |
| Conservation status | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Anura |
| Family: | Bufonidae |
| Genus: | Anaxyrus |
| Species: | A. americanus
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| Binomial name | |
| Anaxyrus americanus (Holbrook, 1836)
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| Subspecies | |
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| Range of A. americanus | |
| Synonyms | |
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Bufo americanus Holbrook, 1836 | |
Subspecies
Eastern American toad
The eastern American toad (A. a. americanus) is a medium-sized toad. Most of the time, its size is 5–9 cm (2.0–3.5 in).[2] The biggest one measured was 11.1 centimetres (4.4 in).[3]
Dwarf American toad
The dwarf American toad (A. a. charlesmithi) is smaller than the eastern American toad. Its size is Lua error in Module:Convert at line 1850: attempt to index local 'en_value' (a nil value)..
Hudson Bay toad
The Hudson Bay toad (A. a. copei) is a rare toad.[4] Small groups of them are found in north Ontario.
Gallery
A young American toad in a hand
Adult American toad in a pool skimmer, with leaves showing the toad's size
Back of eastern American toad with markings and warts
An eastern American toad close up
A young American toad
Front view of eastern American toad
Side view of camouflaged eastern American toad
Eastern American toad in North Dumfries, Ontario
An American toad eating its skin while it sheds
An American toad singing
An American toad with a worm
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American Toad Media
Tadpole of A. americanus
Eastern American toad in Ohio
Eastern American toad showing ground leaf camouflage in Darien Lakes State Park
Eastern American toad showing bare ground camouflage in Darien Lakes State Park
Detail of parotoid glands
Newly metamorphosed American Toad (~5mm) at confluence of Keay Brook, Berwick, ME and the Salmon Falls River.
References
- ↑ IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2015). "Anaxyrus americanus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN. 2015: e.T54570A56843565. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T54570A56843565.en. Retrieved 9 January 2020.
- ↑ American toad (Bufo americanus) Archived June 18, 2009, at the Wayback Machine, Natural Resources Canada
- ↑ Conant, Roger (1975). A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of Eastern and Central North America. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 0-395-19979-4.
- ↑ "American toad". Frog Toad Newt and Salamander Species of Canada. amphibians.ca. Retrieved 17 August 2013.
Other websites
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Wikispecies has information on: American toad. |
- B. americanus at the United States Geological Survey site
- B. americanus Archived 2004-10-18 at the Wayback Machine at the USDA's Integrated Taxonomic Information System
- Animal Diversity Web: Bufo americanus
- Photograph and audio recording of male American toad