Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici
Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici (11 August 1667 – 18 February 1743) was the last of the House of Medici. A patron of the arts, she gave the Medici's large art collection (including the contents of the Uffizi, Palazzo Pitti and Medici villas) which she inherited upon her brother Gian Gastone’s death in 1737, and her Palatine treasures to the Tuscan state, on the condition that none of it be removed.
| Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | |||||
| Electress Palatine | |||||
| 5 June 1691 – 8 June 1716 | |||||
| Born | 11 August 1667 Palazzo Pitti, Florence, Tuscany | ||||
| Died | 18 February 1743 (aged 75) Palazzo Pitti, Florence, Tuscany | ||||
| Burial | |||||
| Spouse | Johann Wilhelm, Elector Palatine | ||||
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| House | Medici | ||||
| Father | Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany | ||||
| Mother | Marguerite Louise d'Orléans | ||||
| Religion | Roman Catholicism | ||||
Life
Anna Maria Luisa was the only daughter of Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, and Marguerite Louise d'Orléans, a niece of Louis XIII of France. On her marriage to Elector Johann Wilhelm II, she became Electress Palatine, and, patronised a lot of musicians. As Johann Wilhelm had syphilis, the union with Anna Maria Luisa produced no children. In 1713 Cosimo III altered the Tuscan laws of succession to allow the accession of his daughter, and spent his final years canvassing the European powers to agree to recognise this statute. However, in 1735, as part of a territorial arrangement, the European powers appointed Francis Stephen of Lorraine as heir, and he duly ascended the Tuscan throne in her stead. After the death of Johann Wilhelm, Anna Maria Luisa returned to Florence, where she enjoyed the rank of first lady until the accession of her brother Gian Gastone de' Medici, who banished her to the Villa La Quiete.
When Gian Gastone died in 1737, Francis Stephen's envoy offered Anna Maria Luisa the position of regent of Tuscany but she declined. Her death, in 1743, brought the House of Medici to an end.
Anna Maria Luisa De' Medici Media
Anna Maria Luisa in Portrait of Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici with flowers by Antonio Franchi, c. 1682–1683
Anna Maria Luisa and her husband, Johann Wilhelm, Elector Palatine, from a painting after Jan Frans van Douven, 1708
Anna Maria Luisa in The Electress Palatine in mourning dress by Jan Frans van Douven, 1717. She points to the portrait of Johann Wilhelm's remains, adorned with the Palatine regalia, in the milieu.
The Villa la Quiete in 2008. The villa served as Anna Maria Luisa's residence for the duration of the reign of her brother, Gian Gastone.
Coat of arms of Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici
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