Anti-German sentiment
Anti-German sentiment (Germanophobia or Teutophobia) is an opposition to, or fear of, Germany, Germans, its culture and the German language.[1] The opposite is called Germanophilia.
The sentiment began with the mid-19th century unification of Germany, which made the new nation a rival to the Great powers of Europe in economics, military, cultural, and geopolitical grounds. It was believed correctly in other countries that Otto von Bismarck and Helmuth von Moltke were driving Germany towards domination of the European landmass. Bismark unified Germany in 1871 and was their first Chancellor, serving until 1890.
Von Moltke the elder was chief of staff of the Prussian Army for 30 years. He commanded in the Austro-Prussian War and the Franco-Prussian War. He is described as a "Prussian military organization and tactical genius".[2] He was fascinated with railways and pioneered their military usage. He is often referred to as Moltke the Elder to distinguish him from his nephew Helmuth Johann Ludwig von Moltke, who commanded the German Army (Deutsches Heer) at the outbreak of World War I.[3]
Anti-German Sentiment Media
Anti-German propaganda cartoon from Australia, Norman Lindsay, between 1914 and 1918
"The Battle of Dorking (1871)" in which England is invaded by Germany
German shelling of Reims Cathedral in France early in the First World War
Propaganda poster, circa 1919, from the British Empire Union calling for boycott of German goods and depicting German businesspeople selling their products in Britain as "the other face" of German soldiers who committed atrocities during World War I
The Oktoberfest Timeteller, a traditional display in Waterloo
A 1915 Australian badge reflecting the Anti-German sentiment at the time
A 1917 comic strip in which the character smashes a clown doll present because it was made in Germany
A scene from Goldwyn's all-star Liberty Loan picture, "Stake Uncle Sam to Play Your Hand" (1918), with Mae Marsh as a Belgian girl, and A. C. Gibbons as a German soldier
1918 bond posters with germanophobic slogans
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References
- ↑ Joseph P. Pickett (2000). American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition. Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 978-0-395-82517-4.
- ↑ Optimism has made wars likelier and bloodier. 12 October 2017. https://www.economist.com/news/books-and-arts/21730133-lawrence-freedman-traces-long-history-predictionsrarely-correctthat-fighting-would-be.
- ↑ Dupuy, Trevor 1984. A genius for war: the German army and general staff 1807-1945. United Kingdom: Hero Books