Anubis
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| Anubis in hieroglyphs |
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Anubis is the protector of the gates to the Underworld, Osiris replaced him as the god of the dead. He looks like a man with the head of a Pharaoh Hound, called Tesem.
Anubis's Purpose
Anubis, as the god of death and the afterlife, was closely associated with mummification and burial rites. Egyptian jackals had an association with the dead, as well. They were often found digging up buried bodies and eating them, which may be why Anubis was depicted as part jackal. The priests who mummified the pharaohs wore costumes to make them appear like Tesem (Pharaoh hound).
The Egyptian people believed that Anubis helped decide the fate of the dead in the afterlife. The heart of the dead was weighed against the feather of truth (representing the goddess Ma'at), to see if the deceased was worthy of entering the afterlife. If the person had lived an evil life, his or her heart would be heavy with evil, and he or she would be eaten by Ammit (the Devourer). If a person was kind and good, the heart would be light, he or she could continue on to the afterlife safe and sound to meet Osiris. [1]
Anubis, in the Book of the Dead. Is shown giving equality through research of weighing the human heart to a feather. Any honesty will make the feather heavier than the heart on the scale.
In Greece and Rome
In later times, during the Ptolemaic period, as their functions were similar, Anubis came to be identified as the Greek god Hermes, becoming Hermanubis.[2][3] The centre of this cult was in uten-ha/Sa-ka/ Cynopolis, a place whose Greek name simply means "city of dogs". In Book XI of "The Golden Ass" by Apuleius, we find evidence that the worship of this god was maintained in Rome at least up to the 2nd century. Indeed, it was revealed that Hermanubis also appeared in the alchemical and hermetical literature of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance.
Although the Greeks and Romans typically scorned Egypt's animal-headed gods as bizarre and primitive (they mockingly called Anubis the "Barker"), Anubis was sometimes associated with Sirius in heaven, and Cerberus in the underworld.
Anubis Media
Anubis as a jackal perched atop a tomb, symbolizing his protection of the necropolis
Picture of wall painting from the tomb of Sennedjem. Anubis attending the mummy of the deceased. [note: link to the image is broken. Author need to replace link]
Hermanubis in the November panel of a Roman mosaic calendar from Sousse, Tunisia.
A section of the Papyrus of Ani showing the "weighing of the heart," depicting Anubis manipulating the scales, weighing the heart of the deceased against Maat's feather of truth.
El_pesado_del_corazón_en_el_Papiro_de_Hunefer
Jackal head of Anubis in (KV35) the tomb of Amenophis II, Valley of the Kings.
The African golden jackal was depicted as Anubis
References
- ↑ "British Museum - Weighing the heart". Archived from the original on 2015-10-11. Retrieved 2013-08-21.
- ↑ "Encyclopedia Mythica". pantheon.org.
- ↑ "Hermanubis- Free definitions by Babylon". www.babylon-software.com. Archived from the original on 2018-11-16. Retrieved 2019-02-11.