Aphaenogaster
Aphaenogaster is a genus of myrmicine ants. Almost 200 species have been described. Also, 11 fossil species are known. They live worldwide except from South America and Southern Africa.
| Aphaenogaster | |
|---|---|
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| A. phillipsi worker | |
| Scientific classification | |
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| Genus: | Aphaenogaster Mayr, 1853
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| Type species | |
| Aphaenogaster sardoa Mayr, 1853
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| Species | |
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> 190 | |
| Diversity | |
| > 190 species | |
| Synonyms | |
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Nystalomyrma | |
They are often confused with Pheidole or Pheidologeton. These two have major and minor workers, while Aphaenogaster has only a single worker caste. Pheidole has a 3-segmented club on its antenna. But Aphaenogaster has four segments and a larger body size. Pheidologeton has a 11-segmented antenna, while the antenna in Aphaenogaster is 12-segmented.[1]
They make very thick, easily seen nests with many big entrances in a small place. These entrances can have diameters of up to 4 cm and are up to 30 cm deep. This resulted in their common name funnel ants. These nests can be a bad problem for golfers or on pastures and unsealed airstrips, because the fragile ground easily breaks under pressure.[1]
Aphaenogaster gets most of its food from tended aphids on the roots of plants. This explains that they are not commonly seen out of their tunnels. The funnel-shaped openings could play a role in trapping arthropods, which are also eaten.[1]
Although these ants are not aggressive, they will bite when their nest is disturbed.
Aphaenogaster Media
Aphaenogaster dlusskyana worker in amber
Aphaenogaster gonacantha worker
A. lepida worker and male
Footnotes
References
- ITIS: Genus Aphaenogaster
- Ants Down Under: Genus Aphaenogaster Archived 2009-10-09 at the Wayback Machine
Other websites
- Dale Ward: Aphaenogaster cockerelli Archived 2011-07-17 at the Wayback Machine