Barium chloride
Barium chloride is a chemical substance. It is among the most important salts of barium. It is soluble in water. It is a poison. When it is heated, it gives a yellow or green color to the flame. It is hygroscopic, meaning that it attracts water from the air. It is mainly used to purify brine but applications include fireworks.
| Barium chloride | |
|---|---|
| 200px | |
| |
| Other names | Barium muriate Muryate of Barytes[1] Barium dichloride |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | |
| PubChem | |
| EC number | 233-788-1 |
| RTECS number | CQ8750000 (anhydrous) CQ8751000 (dihydrate) |
| SMILES | [Ba+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] |
| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | BaCl2 |
| Molar mass | 208.23 g/mol (anhydrous) 244.26 g/mol (dihydrate) |
| Appearance | White solid |
| Density | 3.856 g/cm3 (anhydrous) 3.0979 g/cm3 (dihydrate) |
| Melting point |
962 °C, 1235 K, 1764 °F |
| Boiling point | |
| Solubility in water | 31.2 g/100 mL (0 °C) 35.8 g/100 mL (20 °C) 59.4 g/100 mL (100 °C) |
| Solubility | soluble in methanol, insoluble in ethanol, ethyl acetate[2] |
| -72.6·10−6 cm3/mol | |
| Structure | |
| Crystal structure | orthogonal (anhydrous) monoclinic (dihydrate) |
| Coordination geometry |
7-9 |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std enthalpy of formation ΔfH |
−858.56 kJ/mol |
| Hazards | |
| Main hazards | Acute Toxic |
| NFPA 704 |
0
3
0
|
| Flash point | Non-flammable |
| U.S. Permissible exposure limit (PEL) |
TWA 0.5 mg/m3[3] |
| Related compounds | |
| Other anions | Barium fluoride Barium bromide Barium iodide |
| Other cations | Beryllium chloride Magnesium chloride Calcium chloride Strontium chloride Radium chloride Lead chloride |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) | |
Barium chloride is toxic. Sodium sulfate may be an antidote.
References
- ↑ Chemical Recreations: A Series of Amusing and Instructive Experiments, which May be Performed with Ease, Safety, Success, and Economy ; to which is Added, the Romance of Chemistry : An Inquiry into the Fallacies of the Prevailing Theory of Chemistry : With a New Theory and a New Nomenclature. R. Griffin & Company. 1834. Archived from the original on 2023-03-13. Retrieved 2023-03-13.
- ↑ Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 71st edition, CRC Press, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1990.
- ↑ NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0045". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
