Broca's area
Broca's area is a region in the brain of humans and other hominids. It is in the frontal lobe of the dominant hemisphere, usually the left.[1] It works as part of "speech production".
| Brain: Broca's area | ||
|---|---|---|
| Broca's area is made up of Brodmann areas 44 (pars opercularis) and 45 (pars triangularis) | ||
| Broca's area (shown in red) | ||
| Part of | Frontal lobe | |
| Artery | Middle cerebral | |
| Vein | Superior sagittal sinus | |
Language processing has been linked to Broca's area after Pierre Paul Broca. Broca did autopsies on patients who had difficuty speaking when they were alive. He found damage to a particular area of the brain.[2][3] They had lost the ability to speak after injury to the posterior inferior frontal gyrus of the brain.[4]
Since then, the region he identified has become known as Broca's area. The deficit in language production is Broca's aphasia, also called 'expressive aphasia'.[4]
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have identified activation patterns in Broca's area associated with various language tasks. However, slow destruction of the Broca's area by brain tumors can leave speech relatively intact. This suggests that, given time, its functions can shift to nearby areas in the brain.[5]
Broca's Area Media
- Brodmann Cytoarchitectonics 44.png
Brodmann area 44.
- Brodmann Cytoarchitectonics 45.png
Brodmann area 45.
- Broca's area animation.gif
Broca's area (shown in red). Animation.
- BrocasAreaSmall.png
Approximate location of Broca's area highlighted in gray.
- The classical Wernicke-Lichtheim-Geschwind model of the neurobiology of language fpsyg-04-00416-g001.jpg
Arcuate fasciculus connects Broca's area and Wernicke's area.
- Cerebral Hemisphere Demonstration - Sanjoy Sanyal - Neuroscience Lab Fall 2013 (Cropped from 7m45s to 8m9s) - Broca's area.webm
Human brain dissection video (24 sec). Demonstrating the location of Broca's area in inferior frontal gyrus.
- Broca's area sagittal sections.gif
Sagittal sections of Broca's area
- Brocas area coronal sections.gif
Coronal sections of Broca's area
- Broca's area transversal sections.gif
Transversal sections of Broca's area
Related pages
References
- ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers at line 630: attempt to index field 'known_free_doi_registrants_t' (a nil value).
- ↑ Boeree C.G. (2004). "Speech and the brain".
- ↑ Kennison, Shelia (2013). Introduction to language development. Los Angeles: Sage.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers at line 630: attempt to index field 'known_free_doi_registrants_t' (a nil value).
- ↑ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers at line 630: attempt to index field 'known_free_doi_registrants_t' (a nil value).