1973 Chilean coup d'état
The 1973 Chilean coup d'état was a critical moment in both the history of Chile and the Cold War.
| 1973 Chilean coup d'état | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of the history of Chile, Operation Condor, and the Cold War | |||||||||
 The bombing of La Moneda on 11 September 1973 by the Chilean Armed Forces | |||||||||
| |||||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||||
File:Flag of Chile.svg Chilean Government Revolutionary Left Movement"Group of Personal Friends" Other working-class militants[1] | |||||||||
Supported by: United States[2][3] Brazil[4] | |||||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
|
File:Flag of Chile.svg Salvador Allende † File:Flag of Chile.svg Max Marambio Miguel Enríquez |
File:Flag of Chile.svg Augusto Pinochet File:Flag of Chile.svg José Toribio Merino File:Flag of Chile.svg Gustavo Leigh File:Flag of Chile.svg César Mendoza | ||||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||||
| 46 GAP | |||||||||
| 60 in total during the coup | |||||||||
Following many years of social unrest and political tension between the opposition-controlled Congress of Chile and the socialist President Salvador Allende, as well as economic warfare ordered by US President Richard Nixon.[5]
Allende was overthrown by the armed forces and national police.[6][7]
The presidential palace was bombed. During the air raids and ground attacks that preceded the coup, Allende gave his final speech, in which he vowed to stay in the presidential palace.[8] Direct witness accounts of Allende's death agree that he killed himself in the palace.[9][10]
This marked the beginning of the dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet.
1973 Chilean Coup D'état Media
Salvador Allende and Fidel Castro in Chile, 1971 (See State visit by Fidel Castro to Chile).
Burgee of the Southern Pacific Nautical Brotherhood.
M41 Walker Bulldog of the Chilean Armored Cavalry.
Weapons found at Tomás Moro's presidential residence.
Chilean soldiers carrying M1 Garand rifles near the Moneda Palace.
Augusto Pinochet, then Commander-in-Chief of the Army.
The facilities of the National Stadium were used as a detention and torture center after the coup.
Soviet AKMS assault rifle with a folding stock, the same type Allende used to commit suicide.
The Military Junta in 1974: from left to right, César Mendoza, Gustavo Leigh, José Toribio Merino, and Augusto Pinochet.
References
- ↑ Lawson, George. Negotiated Revolutions (2005). p. 182.
- ↑ McSherry, J. Patrice. State Violence and Genocide in Latin America: The Cold War Years (Critical Terrorism Studies) (2011)Routledge. p. 107. ISBN 978-0415664578.
- ↑ Walter L. Hixson (2009). The Myth of American Diplomacy: National Identity and U.S. Foreign Policy. Yale University Press. p. 223. ISBN 0300151314
- ↑ Kornbluh, Peter. Brazil Conspired with U.S. to Overthrow Allende (in en). National Security ArchiveGeorge Washington University. Retrieved 16 May 2019.
- ↑ Peter Kornbluh. Chile and the United States: Declassified Documents Relating to the Military Coup, September 11, 1973.
- ↑ "Controversial legacy of former Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet ...Gen. Augusto Pinochet, who overthrew Chile's democratically elected Communist government in a 1973 coup ..." Archived 16 May 2008 at the Wayback Machine, The Christian Science Monitor, 11 December 2006
- ↑ "CHILE: The Bloody End of a Marxist Dream" Archived 2008-09-25 at the Wayback Machine, Time Magazine, Quote: "....Allende's downfall had implications that reached far beyond the borders of Chile. His had been the first democratically elected Marxist government in Latin America..."
- ↑ Salvador Allende's Last Speech – WikisourceWikisource. Retrieved 19 November 2011.
- ↑ Davison, Phil (20 June 2009). "Hortensia Bussi De Allende: Widow of Salvador Allende who helped lead opposition to Chile's military dictatorship". The Independent (London). https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/hortensia-bussi-de-allende-widow-of-salvador-allende-who-helped-lead-opposition-to-chiles-military-dictatorship-1710766.html. Retrieved 20 April 2010.
- ↑ Gott, Richard (12 September 2009). "From the archive: Allende 'dead' as generals seize power". The Guardian (London). https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/2009/sep/12/from-the-guardian-archive. Retrieved 20 April 2010.
