1973 Chilean coup d'état
The 1973 Chilean coup d'état was a critical moment in both the history of Chile and the Cold War.
| 1973 Chilean coup d'état | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of the history of Chile, Operation Condor, and the Cold War | |||||||||
| 300px The bombing of La Moneda on 11 September 1973 by the Chilean Armed Forces | |||||||||
| |||||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||||
|
23x15px Chilean Government 23px Revolutionary Left Movement "Group of Personal Friends" Other working-class militants[1] | |||||||||
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Supported by: 23x15px United States[2][3] 23x15px Brazil[4] | |||||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
|
23x15px Salvador Allende † 23x15px Max Marambio 23px Miguel Enríquez |
23x15px Augusto Pinochet 23x15px José Toribio Merino 23x15px Gustavo Leigh 23x15px César Mendoza | ||||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||||
| 46 GAP | |||||||||
| 60 in total during the coup | |||||||||
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Following many years of social unrest and political tension between the opposition-controlled Congress of Chile and the socialist President Salvador Allende, as well as economic warfare ordered by US President Richard Nixon.[5]
Allende was overthrown by the armed forces and national police.[6][7]
The presidential palace was bombed. During the air raids and ground attacks that preceded the coup, Allende gave his final speech, in which he vowed to stay in the presidential palace.[8] Direct witness accounts of Allende's death agree that he killed himself in the palace.[9][10]
This marked the beginning of the dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet.
1973 Chilean Coup D'état Media
- Chile- el pueblo vencera cropped.jpg
The facilities of the National Stadium were used as a detention and torture center after the coup.
- Desaparecidos Chile 1973.JPG
Pictures of persons missing after the 1973 Chilean coup
- Chileno afirma un afiche de Augusto Pinochet mientras en el fondo hay uno de Salvador Allende (cropped).jpg
Pro–Pinochet protester holding a sign with Pinochet's face that says "We want order" in May 2023. In the background, there is another sign with Allende's face.
References
- ↑
Lawson, George (2005). Negotiated Revolutions. p. 182.
The only armed resistance came in a handful of factories, the La Legua poblacion in Santiago and in isolated gunfights with MIR activists.
- ↑ McSherry, J. Patrice (2011). "Chapter 5: "Industrial repression" and Operation Condor in Latin America". In Esparza, Marcia; Henry R. Huttenbach; Daniel Feierstein (eds.). State Violence and Genocide in Latin America: The Cold War Years (Critical Terrorism Studies). Routledge. p. 107. ISBN 978-0415664578.
- ↑ Walter L. Hixson (2009). The Myth of American Diplomacy: National Identity and U.S. Foreign Policy. Yale University Press. p. 223. ISBN 0300151314
- ↑ Kornbluh, Peter. "Brazil Conspired with U.S. to Overthrow Allende". National Security Archive. George Washington University. Archived from the original on 8 July 2018. Retrieved 16 May 2019.
- ↑ Peter Kornbluh. "Chile and the United States: Declassified Documents Relating to the Military Coup, September 11, 1973".
- ↑ "Controversial legacy of former Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet ...Gen. Augusto Pinochet, who overthrew Chile's democratically elected Communist government in a 1973 coup ..." Archived 16 May 2008 at the Wayback Machine, The Christian Science Monitor, 11 December 2006
- ↑ "CHILE: The Bloody End of a Marxist Dream" Archived 2008-09-25 at the Wayback Machine, Time Magazine, Quote: "....Allende's downfall had implications that reached far beyond the borders of Chile. His had been the first democratically elected Marxist government in Latin America..."
- ↑ "Salvador Allende's Last Speech – Wikisource". Wikisource. Retrieved 19 November 2011.
- ↑ Davison, Phil (20 June 2009). "Hortensia Bussi De Allende: Widow of Salvador Allende who helped lead opposition to Chile's military dictatorship". The Independent (London). https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/hortensia-bussi-de-allende-widow-of-salvador-allende-who-helped-lead-opposition-to-chiles-military-dictatorship-1710766.html. Retrieved 20 April 2010.
- ↑ Gott, Richard (12 September 2009). "From the archive: Allende 'dead' as generals seize power". The Guardian (London). https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/2009/sep/12/from-the-guardian-archive. Retrieved 20 April 2010.
