Chongqing

重庆
重庆
Municipality
	重庆市 · Municipality of Chongqing
	Location of Chongqing Municipality within China
	Coordinates: 29°33′30″N 106°34′00″E / 29.55833°N 106.56667°ECoordinates: 29°33′30″N 106°34′00″E / 29.55833°N 106.56667°E
Country	People's Republic of China
Settled	ca. 316 BCE
Divisions; - County-level; - Township-level	; 19 districts, 19 counties; 1259 towns, townships, and subdistricts
Government
• Type	Municipality
• CPC Secretary	Sun Zhengcai
• Mayor	Zhang Guoqing
• Congress Chairman	Zhang Xuan
• Conference Chairman	Xu Jingye
Area
• Municipality	82,403 km2 (31,816 sq mi)
Elevation	237 m (778 ft)
Population (2010)
• Municipality	28,846,170
• Density	350.0621/km2 (906.657/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code	4000 00 - 4099 00
GDP	2016
- Total	CNY 1750 billion; US$ 254.5 billion (23rd)
- Per capita	CNY 39,500; US$ 6,191 (13th)
HDI (2008)	0.783 (18th) — medium
Licence plate prefixes	渝 A, B, C, F, G, H
ISO 3166-2	CN-50
City flower	Camellia
City tree	Ficus lacor
Website	www.cq.gov.cn (in Chinese); english.cq.gov.cn (in English)

Chongqing (Simplified Chinese: 重庆, Traditional Chinese: 重慶; pinyin: Chóngqìng; Postal System Pinyin: Chungking) is a city and a district in Central China. The Chongqing district is the most populated district of China and has 31,442,300 inhabitants (2005).

History

Chongqing is said to be the semi-mythical State of Ba that began in 11th century BC, when the Ba people began living here until they were destroyed by the State of Qin in 316 BC. The Qin emperor ordered a new city to be constructed, called Jiang (江州) and Chu Prefecture (楚州).

In 581 AD (Sui Dynasty), Chongqing was renamed to Yu Prefecture (渝州).

In 1102 the city was renamed Gong Prefecture.

In 1189 renamed Yu Prefecture to Chongqing Subprefecture.

In 1362 (Yuan Dynasty), Ming Yuzhen, a peasant rebel leader, established Daxia Kingdom at Chongqing for a short time.

In 1621, another short-lived kingdom of Daliang was established there.

In 1891, Chongqing became the first inland commerce port open to foreigners.

Since 1929, Chongqing was a municipality of the Republic of China. Chongqing was the provisional capital of the government of Chiang Kai-shek during the Second Chinese-Japanese War from 1937 to 1945. The Japanese bombed Chongqing very hard in World War II.

In 1954, the municipality was reduced to a provincial city of the People's Republic.

Geography

Geographic coordinates: 105°17'-110°11' East, 28°10'－32°13' North
Annual average temperature: 18 °C (64 °F)
Temperature range: 0 to 47 °C
Total annual hours of sunshine: 1000-1200
Annual precipitation: 1000–1400 mm
Neighbours: Hubei (east), Hunan (east), Guizhou (south), Sichuan (west), Shaanxi (north)

Twin cities

Universities and Colleges

Chongqing Institute of Technology
Chongqing Jiaotong University
Chongqing Medical University
Chongqing Normal University
Chongqing Technology and Business University
Chongqing Three Gorges University
Chongqing University (founded in 1929)
Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications
Fuling Teachers College
Sichuan Fine Arts Institute
Sichuan International Studies University
Southwest University
Southwest University of Political Science and Law
Third Military Medical University
Western Chongqing University

Chongqing Media

A street scene in Chongqing, c. 1944
A sunset view of Jiefangbei CBD and Hongya Cave, taken in 2017
Map including Chongqing (labeled as 重慶 CH'UNG-CH'ING (CHUNGKING)) (AMS, 1954)
Map of the directly-controlled municipality of Chongqing
Qutang Gorge on the Yangtze River
In the spring and fall, downtown Chongqing is often enshrouded in fog.
The Great Hall of the People serves as the venue for major political conferences in Chongqing
Jiefangbei CBD, Yuzhong Peninsula of Chongqing at night
Jiefangbei (People's Liberation Monument), the landmark and center of Chongqing
Chongqing products treemap, 2020