Chongqing
Chongqing (Simplified Chinese: 重庆, Traditional Chinese: 重慶; pinyin: Chóngqìng; Postal System Pinyin: Chungking) is a city and a district in Central China. The Chongqing district is the most populated district of China and has 31,442,300 inhabitants (2005).
|
重庆 | |
|---|---|
重庆市 · Municipality of Chongqing | |
 | |
.svg) Location of Chongqing Municipality within China | |
| Coordinates: 29°33′30″N 106°34′00″E / 29.55833°N 106.56667°ECoordinates: 29°33′30″N 106°34′00″E / 29.55833°N 106.56667°E | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Settled | ca. 316 BCE |
| Divisions - County-level - Township-level | 19 districts, 19 counties 1259 towns, townships, and subdistricts |
| Government | |
| • Type | Municipality |
| • CPC Secretary | Sun Zhengcai[1] |
| • Congress Chairman | . |
| • Conference Chairman | . |
| Area | |
| • Municipality | 82,403 km2 (31,816 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 237 m (778 ft) |
| Population (2010)[3] | |
| • Municipality | 28,846,170 |
| • Density | 350.0621/km2 (906.657/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal code | 4000 00 - 4099 00 |
| GDP | 2016 |
| - Total | CNY 1750 billion US$ 254.5 billion (23rd) |
| - Per capita | CNY 39,500 US$ 6,191 (13th) |
| HDI (2008) | 0.783 (18th) — medium |
| Licence plate prefixes | 渝 A, B, C, F, G, H |
| ISO 3166-2 | CN-50 |
| City flower | Camellia[4] |
| City tree | Ficus lacor[5] |
| Website | www english |
History
Chongqing is said to be the semi-mythical State of Ba that began in 11th century BC, when the Ba people began living here until they were destroyed by the State of Qin in 316 BC. The Qin emperor ordered a new city to be constructed, called Jiang (江州) and Chu Prefecture (楚州).
In 581 AD (Sui Dynasty), Chongqing was renamed to Yu Prefecture (渝州).
In 1102 the city was renamed Gong Prefecture.
In 1189 renamed Yu Prefecture to Chongqing Subprefecture.
In 1362 (Yuan Dynasty), Ming Yuzhen, a peasant rebel leader, established Daxia Kingdom at Chongqing for a short time.
In 1621, another short-lived kingdom of Daliang was established there.
In 1891, Chongqing became the first inland commerce port open to foreigners.
Since 1929, Chongqing was a municipality of the Republic of China. Chongqing was the provisional capital of the government of Chiang Kai-shek during the Second Chinese-Japanese War from 1937 to 1945. The Japanese bombed Chongqing very hard in World War II.
In July 1954, Chongqing was merged into Sichuan Province and became a municipality under the jurisdiction of Sichuan Province.
On March 14, 1997, the Fifth Session of the Eighth National People's Congress decided to merge Chongqing Municipality, Wanxian City, Fuling City and Qianjiang Prefecture, which were originally part of Sichuan Province, into a centrally administered municipality. On June 18 of the same year, Chongqing Municipality was officially established.
Geography
- Geographic coordinates: 105°17'-110°11' East, 28°10'－32°13' North
- Annual average temperature: 18 °C (64 °F)
- Temperature range: 0 to 47 °C
- Total annual hours of sunshine: 1000-1200
- Annual precipitation: 1000–1400 mm
- Neighbours: Hubei (east), Hunan (east), Guizhou (south), Sichuan (west), Shaanxi (north)
Twin cities
Universities and Colleges
- Chongqing Institute of Technology
- Chongqing Jiaotong University
- Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing Normal University
- Chongqing Technology and Business University
- Chongqing Three Gorges University
- Chongqing University (founded in 1929)
- Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications
- Fuling Teachers College
- Sichuan Fine Arts Institute
- Sichuan International Studies University
- Southwest University
- Southwest University of Political Science and Law
- Third Military Medical University
- Western Chongqing University
Chongqing Media
A street scene in Chongqing, c. 1944
View of Chongqing, circa 1900–1930, showing the city's characteristic hillside urban landscape along the Yangtze River.
Church buildings in Chongqing, 1941. The foreground structure is a Methodist Episcopal Mission church.
A sunset view of Jiefangbei CBD and Hongya Cave, taken in 2017
A Map of Chongqing, China
Map including Chongqing (labeled as 重慶 CH'UNG-CH'ING (CHUNGKING)) (AMS, 1954)
Map of the directly-controlled municipality of Chongqing
The Qutang Gorge on the Yangtze
One of the three natural bridges at "Sanqiao Tiankeng" Three Natural Bridges. This is formed by roof collapse of a river cave. Located in Wulong， a provincial-level municipality of Chongqing (part of Sichuan Province prior to 1997).
In the spring and fall, downtown Chongqing is often enshrouded in fog.
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References
- ↑ Zhang Dejiang Profile
- ↑ Doing Business in China - SurveyMinistry Of Commerce - People's Republic Of China. Retrieved 5 August 2013.
- ↑ 重庆市2010年第六次全国人口普查主要数据公报 (2011-05-03)Netease. Retrieved 2013-08-22.
- ↑ City Flower. Retrieved 2013-08-21.
- ↑ City Tree. Retrieved 2013-08-21.
