Christogram IHS
The Christogram IHS is a monogram symbolizing Jesus Christ.
From Greek it is an abbreviation of the name ΙΗΣΟΥΣ (Jesus).
In Eastern Orthodox Church the Christogram is composed with letters X, P, I and X arranged into the cross. They are the first letters of one from two words in Greek language: Christ and Jesus Christ.
In the Western culture there exist the compositions: "IHS" and also "IHC" being the first letters (iota-eta-sigma) of the name Jesus in Greek alphabet: ΙΗΣΟΥΣ (Ίησοῦς or ΙΗϹΟΥϹ with lunated sigma). The abbreviation in form "IHS" appeared in first time on the coins of Justinian II on the turn of the 7th and 8th centuries.
The order of Jesuits, in other words the Society of Jesus (Societas Iesu), adopted IHS as its fixed emblem - the symbol in 17th century. There appeared also Latin interpretations of the abbreviation IHS, among others:
- Iesus Humilis Societas - Humble Society of Jesus,
- Iesus Hominum Salvator - Jesus, Savior of men,
and also:
- In hoc signo vinces- By this sign you shall conquer.
These developed inscriptions were most likely formed because in the Middle Ages people mistakenly read the letter E as H.[source?]
According to a legend, this inscription with the cross was seen by emperor Constantine the Great in his sleep before the battle against Maxentius in 312 on the Ponte Milvio.
Commentators unfriendly to the Catholic Church sometimes interpret the abbreviation IHS as derived from the solar idols of the Egyptian mythology: Isis, Horus and Seth. Nevertheless, present scientific knowledge does not confirm such interpretations.[1]
Christogram IHS Media
The labarum is a symbol which displays the first two Greek letters of the word Christ (ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ or Χριστός) — Chi (χ) and Rho (ρ).
Chi-Rho symbol with Alpha and Omega on a 4th-century sarcophagus (Vatican Museums)
The symbol was moved to storage for the refurbishments under Pellegrino Tibaldi and re-instated in the choir on 6 September 1669. Use of the name Chrismon is apparently based on the term crismon as used by Landulf of Milan; Landulf's mention of a crismon of Saint Ambrose clearly refers to chrism, i.e.
IHS Christogram embossed on an 1864 leather-bound King James Bible
Northwood Cemetery Isle of Wight
Lhq-inscription on a Japanese lantern
Jesus-Monogramm mit Kreuz
Medieval-style IHC monogram
Intertwined IHS monogram, Saint-Martin's Church, L'Isle-Adam, Val-d'Oise
IHC monogram from Clontuskert Abbey, Ireland
References
- ↑ (in Polish) Tomasz Dekert - Co oznacza skrót IHS? ("What does the abbreviation IHS mean?") Archived 2010-04-15 at the Wayback Machine, Dominikański Ośrodek Liturgiczny, date of access: 23rd of April 2009. A catholic source.