First Kashmir War

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Indo-Pakistani war of 1947–1948
Part of the Indo-Pakistani wars, Kashmir conflict, and the Partition of India
DateOctober 1947 – 1 January 1949
(1 year and 10 weeks)
Location
Jammu and Kashmir
Result Inconclusive
Territorial
changes		 One-third of Jammu and Kashmir controlled by Pakistan. Indian control over remainder.[12][13]
Belligerents

India India

Pakistan Pakistan

Commanders and leaders
Flag of the Governor-General of India (1947–1950).svg Lord Mountbatten
India Jawaharlal Nehru
British Raj Rob Lockhart[14]
British Raj Roy Bucher[14]
India K. M. Cariappa[14]
Flag of Jammu and Kashmir (1936-1953).svg Hari Singh
Flag of Jammu and Kashmir (1936-1953).svg Mehr Chand Mahajan
Flag of Jammu and Kashmir (1936-1953).svg Sheikh Abdullah		 Flag of the Governor-General of Pakistan (1947-1953).svg Muhammad Ali Jinnah
Flag of the Prime Minister of Pakistan.svg Liaquat Ali Khan
British Raj Frank Messervy[14]
British Raj Douglas Gracey[14]
Pakistan Col. Akbar Khan[15]
Pakistan Khurshid Anwar[16]
Pakistan Zaman Kiani[16]
Pakistan William Brown[4]
Casualties and losses
Indian casualties
Pakistani casualties
Conflict began when Pashtun tribesmen and Tanoli from Pakistan invaded the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir, prompting the armies of India and Pakistan to get involved shortly afterwards.

The India-Pakistan War of 1947-48 is also known as the First Kashmir War. It was fought between the Dominion of India and Dominion of Pakistan over the former Princely state of Kashmir and Jammu from 1947 to 1948. The result of the war still affects the geopolitics of both the countries.

Timeline

Details

India claims 1,500 Indian soldiers were killed, 3,500 Indian soldiers were wounded and 1,000 were captured or went missing and 2,000 J&K troops were killed and an unknown number wounded. Pakistan claims that 2633 troops and tribesmen were killed and 4668 troops and tribesmen were wounded.

First Kashmir War Media

  • Partition of India and the movement of refugees

  • Field Marshal Claude Auchinleck, Supreme Commander of Indian and Pakistani armed forces

  • Maharaja Hari Singh of Jammu and Kashmir in military uniform

  • Poonch district of Pakistan-administered Azad Kashmir (in green) along with Muzaffarabad (blue) and Mirpur (yellow) districts in 1947

  • Liaquat Ali Khan, Prime Minister of Pakistan

  • Murree, overlooking Kashmir

  • Jawaharlal Nehru, Prime Minister of India

  • A Pakistan Army convoy advances in Kashmir

  • Pashtun warriors from different tribes on their way to Kashmir

  • The Line of Control between India and Pakistan agreed in the Simla Agreement (UN Map)

References

  1. ↑ Kumar, Bharat. An incredible war: Indian Air Force in Kashmir War 1947–1948 (2014). New Delhi: KW Publishers in association with Centre for Air Power Studies. ISBN 978-93-81904-52-7.
  2. ↑ Massey 2005, p. 97
  3. ↑ Barua 2005, p. 192
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Bangash, Three Forgotten Accessions 2010
  5. ↑ Khanna, K. K.. Art of Generalship (2015)Vij Books India Pvt Ltd. p. 158. ISBN 978-93-82652-93-9.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Jamal, Shadow War 2009, p. 57.
  7. ↑ American Interests in South Asia: Building a Grand Strategy in Afghanistan, Pakistan, and India (2011)Aspen Institute. p. 155–. ISBN 978-1-61792-400-2.
  8. ↑ Lamb, A.. Incomplete Partition: The Genesis of the Kashmir Dispute, 1947-1948 (2002)Oxford University Press. p. 141. ISBN 978-0-19-579770-1.
  9. ↑ Jamal, Shadow War 2009, p. 49.
  10. ↑ Valentine, Simon Ross. Islam and the Ahmadiyya Jama'at: History, Belief, Practice (2008)Hurst Publishers. p. 204. ISBN 978-1-85065-916-7.
  11. ↑ Furqan ForcePersecution.org.
  12. ↑ Ciment, J.. Encyclopedia of Conflicts since World War II (v. 1) (2012)Taylor & Francis. p. 721. ISBN 978-1-136-59614-8.
  13. ↑ BBC on the 1947–48 war.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 Dasgupta, War and Diplomacy in Kashmir 2014
  15. ↑ Nawaz, The First Kashmir War Revisited 2008
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 Nawaz, The First Kashmir War Revisited 2008, p. 120.
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 17.3 Phillips, Charles. Encyclopedia of Wars (in en) (2005)Facts On File. p. 608. ISBN 978-0-8160-2851-1.
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 18.3 Clodfelter, Micheal. Warfare and Armed Conflicts: A Statistical Encyclopedia of Casualty and Other Figures, 1494-2007, 3d ed. (in en) (2008-07-02)McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers. p. 638. ISBN 978-0-7864-3319-3.
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 Prasad, Sri Nandan. Operations in Jammu & Kashmir, 1947–48 (1987)History Division, Ministry of Defence, Government of India. p. 379.
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 Malik, V. P.. Kargil from Surprise to Victory (2010)HarperCollins Publishers India. p. 343. ISBN 9789350293133.
  21. ↑ "An incredible war: Indian Air Force in Kashmir war, 1947–48", by Bharat Kumar, Centre for Air Power Studies (New Delhi, India)
  22. ↑ Roy, Kaushik. The Oxford Companion to Modern Warfare in India: From the Eighteenth Century to Present Times (2009)Oxford University Press. p. 215. ISBN 978-0-19-569888-6. Retrieved 2022-05-18.
  23. ↑ Maj (Retd) AGHA HUMAYUN AMIN. THE 1947-48 Kashmir War The war of lost opportunities (in English). p. 70.
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 24.2 Singh, Maj Gen Jagjit. With Honour & Glory: Wars fought by India 1947–1999 (2000)Lancer Publishers. p. 18–. ISBN 978-81-7062-109-6.
  25. ↑ Sabir Sha. Indian military hysteria since 1947 (10 October 2014).
  26. ↑ Krishna, Ashok. India's Armed Forces: Fifty Years of War and Peace (1998)Lancer Publishers. p. 160–. ISBN 978-1-897829-47-9.
  27. ↑ By B. Chakravorty, "Stories of Heroism, Volume 1", p. 5
  28. ↑
    1. REDIRECT Template:Cite web/Turkish
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