Hotaki dynasty
The Hotaki dynasty was a dynasty founded by Pashtun[1] Ghiji tribe. In 1709 by Mirwais Hotak at Kandahar, Afghanistan. They revolted and made their land independent from foreign ruler, but later they invaded Persia and defeated the great Iranian Empire of the Shi'a Safavids.
Hotaki dynasty | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1709–1738 | |||||||||
 | |||||||||
.svg) Hotak Empire at its peak (1722–1729) | |||||||||
| Capital | Kandahar Isfahan | ||||||||
| Common languages | Pashto and Persian (poetry)[a] | ||||||||
| Religion | Sunni Islam | ||||||||
| Government | Absolute monarchy | ||||||||
| Amir | |||||||||
• 1709–1715 | Mirwais Hotak | ||||||||
• 1715–1717 | Abdul Aziz Hotak | ||||||||
• 1717–1725 | Mahmud Hotak | ||||||||
• 1725–1730 | Ashraf Hotak | ||||||||
• 1725–1738 | Hussain Hotak | ||||||||
| History | |||||||||
• | 1709 | ||||||||
• | 1738 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Mahmud Hotaki, son of Mirwais, ruled Persia until he died in 1725 and then his cousin Ashraf ruled until 1729 when Nader Shah Afshar defeated him.[2]
The last king was Hussain Hotaki in Kandahar until he was defeated by Nader Shah in 1738.[3]
Hotaki Dynasty Media
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Shah Mahmud Hotak, son of Mirwais Khan Hotak from Kandahar in Afghanistan, defeated the Persian Empire (Shia Safavids) in early 1700s and became King of Persia in 1722.
Ashraf Shah Hotaki 1725-1729
Shah Hussain Hotak, the last Hotaki leader from Kandahar, Afghanistan.
References
- ↑ Hanifi, M. Jamil (2001). "ḠILZĪ". Encyclopaedia Iranica Online. Vol. X, Fasc. 6, pp. 670–672, "(...) one of three major Pashtun/Paxtun tribal confederations in Afghanistan."
- ↑ Malleson, George Bruce (1999). History of Afghanistan, from the Earliest Period to the Outbreak of the War of 1878. London: Elibron.com. p. 227.
- ↑ "AN OUTLINE OF THE HISTORY OF PERSIA DURING THE LAST TWO CENTURIES (A.D. 1722-1922)". Edward Granville Browne. London: Packard Humanities Institute. p. 33.
Notes
- ↑ Shah Hussain Hotak wrote poetry in Pashto and Persian.
