List of presidents of Portugal
(Redirected from List of Presidents of Portugal)
The complete list of presidents of the Portuguese Republic consists of the 20 heads of state in the history of Portugal since the 5 October 1910 revolution.
List
Republican
Democratic
National Republican/Sidonist
Evolutionist Party/Republican Liberal
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National Union/Popular National Action
Democratic Renewal
Socialist
Social Democratic
No party
First Republic (1910–1926)
No. | President (Birth–Death) |
Portrait | Elected | Term of office | Political party | Ref. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
President of the Provisional Government of the Republic (1910–1911) | |||||||
- | Teófilo Braga[1] (1843–1924) |
– | October 5, 1910 | August 24, 1911 | Republican | [source?] | |
Presidents of the Republic (1911–1926) | |||||||
1 | Manuel de Arriaga (1840–1917) |
1911 | August 24, 1911 | May 26, 1915[R] | Republican later Democratic Republican[2] |
[3][2] | |
2 | Teófilo Braga (1843–1924) |
May 1915 |
May 29, 1915 | October 5, 1915 | Democratic Republican[4] | [3][4] | |
3 | Bernardino Machado (1851–1944) |
August 1915 |
October 5, 1915 | December 5, 1917[C] | Democratic Republican[5] | [3][5] | |
- | Ministry (Head of State ex officio) President: Sidónio Pais |
– | December 12, 1917 | April 28, 1918 | – | [3][6] | |
4 | Sidónio Pais[7] (1872–1918) |
April 1918 |
April 28, 1918 | December 14, 1918[A] | National Republican or "Sidonist"[source?] |
[3][6] | |
- | Ministry (Head of State ex officio) President: João do Canto e Castro |
– | December 14, 1918 | December 16, 1918 | – | [source?] | |
5 | João do Canto e Castro[8] (1862–1934) |
December 1918 |
December 16, 1918 | October 5, 1919 | National Republican or "Sidonist"[source?] |
[3][9] | |
6 | António José de Almeida (1866–1929) |
1919 | October 5, 1919 | October 5, 1923 | Evolutionist Party later Republican Liberal[source?] |
[3][10] | |
7 | Manuel Teixeira Gomes (1860–1941) |
1923 | October 5, 1923 | December 11, 1925[R] | Democratic Republican[source?] | [3][11] | |
8 | Bernardino Machado (1851–1944) 2nd time |
1925 | December 11, 1925 | May 31, 1926[C] | Democratic Republican[source?] | [3][5] |
Second Republic (1926–1974)
No. | President (Birth–Death) |
Portrait | Elected | Term of office | Political party | Ref. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ditadura Nacional (National Dictatorship) (1926–1932) | |||||||
9 | José Mendes Cabeçadas[12] (1883–1965) |
– | May 31, 1926 | June 17, 1926[C] | Military officer[source?] | [3][13] | |
- | Ministry (Head of State ex officio) President: Manuel Gomes da Costa |
– | June 17, 1926 | June 29, 1926 | – | [source?] | |
10 | Manuel Gomes da Costa[12] (1863–1929) |
– | June 29, 1926 | July 9, 1926[C] | Military officer[source?] | [3][14] | |
- | Ministry (Head of State ex officio) President: Óscar Carmona |
– | July 9, 1926 | November 16, 1926 | – | [3][15] | |
11 | Óscar Carmona[12][16] (1869–1951) |
– | November 16, 1926 | March 25, 1928 | Military officer | [3][15] | |
Estado Novo (New State) (1932–1974) | |||||||
11 | Óscar Carmona (1869–1951) |
1928 | April 15, 1928 | April 26, 1935 | Military officer from 1932 National Union |
[3][15] | |
1935 | April 26, 1935 | April 15, 1942 | |||||
1942 | April 15, 1942 | April 20, 1949 | |||||
1949 | April 20, 1949 | April 18, 1951[D] | |||||
- | António de Oliveira Salazar[17] (1889–1970) (interim) |
– | April 18, 1951 | July 21, 1951 | National Union | [source?] | |
12 | Francisco Craveiro Lopes (1894–1964) |
1951 | July 21, 1951 | August 9, 1958 | National Union | [3][18] | |
13 | Américo Tomás (1894–1987) |
1958 | August 9, 1958 | August 9, 1965 | National Union from 1970 People's National Action |
[3][19] | |
1965 | August 9, 1965 | August 9, 1972 | |||||
1972 | August 9, 1972 | April 25, 1974[C] |
Third Republic (1974–present)
No. | President (Birth–Death) |
Portrait | Elected | Term of office | Political party | Ref. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Presidents appointed in the aftermath of the Carnation Revolution (1974–1976) | |||||||
- | National Salvation Junta[20] President: António de Spínola |
– | April 25, 1974 | May 15, 1974 | – | [21] | |
14 | António de Spínola (1910–1996) |
– | May 15, 1974 | September 30, 1974[R] | Military officer | [3][21] | |
15 | Francisco da Costa Gomes (1914–2001) |
– | September 30, 1974 | July 13, 1976 | Military officer | [3][22] | |
Presidents elected under the Constitution of the Republic (1976–present) | |||||||
16 | António Ramalho Eanes (born 1935) |
1976 | July 14, 1976 | January 14, 1981 | Military officer from 1985 Democratic Renewal |
[3][23] | |
1980 | January 14, 1981 | March 9, 1986 | |||||
17 | Mário Soares (1924–2017) |
1986 | March 9, 1986 | March 9, 1991 | Socialist | [3][24] | |
1991 | March 9, 1991 | March 9, 1996 | |||||
18 | Jorge Sampaio (1939-2021) |
1996 | March 9, 1996 | March 9, 2001 | Socialist | [3][25] | |
2001 | March 9, 2001 | March 9, 2006 | |||||
19 | Aníbal Cavaco Silva (born in 1939) |
2006 | March 9, 2006 | March 9, 2011 | Social Democratic | [3][26] | |
2011 | March 9, 2011 | March 9, 2016 | |||||
20 | Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa (born 1948) |
2016 | March 9, 2016 | March 9, 2021 | Social Democratic | [27] | |
2021 | March 9, 2021 | Incumbent (Term ends on March 9, 2026) |
- Left office early:
- [A] Assassinated.
- [D] Died in office of natural causes.
- [R] Resigned.
- [C] Forced to resign due to a coup d'état.
List Of Presidents Of Portugal Media
References
- ↑ Teófilo Braga served as President of the Provisional Government, the de facto head of government and head of state, from the republican revolution of 1910 to the election of Manuel de Arriaga, the 1st President of Portugal.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Manuel de Arriaga - PREVIOUS PRESIDENTS: - PRESIDENCIA.PT". www.presidencia.pt (in português). Retrieved 2020-09-03.
- ↑ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15 3.16 3.17 3.18 3.19 3.20 3.21 Braga, Paulo Drumond 1965- (2010). "Os Presidentes da República Portuguesa : sociologia de uma função".
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(help) - ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Teófilo Braga". PRESIDENCY OF THE PORTUGUESE REPUBLIC. Retrieved 2016-08-17.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 "Bernardino Machado - PREVIOUS PRESIDENTS: - PRESIDENCIA.PT". www.presidencia.pt (in português). Retrieved 2020-09-03.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 "Sidónio Pais - PREVIOUS PRESIDENTS: - PRESIDENCIA.PT". www.presidencia.pt (in português). Retrieved 2020-09-03.
- ↑ After leading a coup d'état, Sidónio Pais became President of the Revolutionary Junta and later Prime Minister (President of the Ministry). He then abolished the post of Prime Minister, assuming himself as the head of government as President of the Republic. He was assassinated in 1918.
- ↑ Canto e Castro was head of the Council of Ministers that served as the head of state of Portugal after the assassination of Sidónio Pais in 1918, from December 14 to December 16. He then became interim president until the election of António José de Almeida.
- ↑ "Canto e Castro - PREVIOUS PRESIDENTS: - PRESIDENCIA.PT". www.presidencia.pt (in português). Retrieved 2020-09-03.
- ↑ "António José de Almeida - PREVIOUS PRESIDENTS: - PRESIDENCIA.PT". www.presidencia.pt (in português). Retrieved 2020-09-03.
- ↑ "Teixeira Gomes - PREVIOUS PRESIDENTS: - PRESIDENCIA.PT". www.presidencia.pt (in português). Retrieved 2020-09-03.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 Mendes Cabeçadas, Gomes da Costa and Óscar Carmona were the heads of the revolutionary provisional governments during the year of 1926. Although not called Presidents, they were de facto heads of state.
- ↑ "Mendes Cabeçadas - PREVIOUS PRESIDENTS: - PRESIDENCIA.PT". www.presidencia.pt (in português). Retrieved 2020-09-04.
- ↑ "Gomes da Costa - PREVIOUS PRESIDENTS: - PRESIDENCIA.PT". www.presidencia.pt (in português). Retrieved 2020-09-04.
- ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 "Óscar Carmona - PREVIOUS PRESIDENTS: - PRESIDENCIA.PT". www.presidencia.pt (in português). Retrieved 2020-09-04.
- ↑ Óscar Carmona served initially as head of the revolutionary government after a counter-coup deposed Gomes da Costa. He was de facto head of state between July 9 and November 16, 1926. However he officially took office as President of the Republic on November 16, 1926. Six years later, in 1932, the Estado Novo was proclaimed and the National Union, the only legal party, was formed by António de Oliveira Salazar. Carmona joined the party and was the party's candidate for every presidential election (that were considered fraudulent) until 1951, when he died.
- ↑ António de Oliveira Salazar, the dictatorial President of the Council of Ministers (Prime Minister) occupied the post of president interim between the death of Óscar Carmona and the election of Francisco Craveiro Lopes.
- ↑ "Craveiro Lopes - PREVIOUS PRESIDENTS: - PRESIDENCIA.PT". www.presidencia.pt (in português). Retrieved 2020-09-04.
- ↑ "Américo Tomás - PREVIOUS PRESIDENTS: - PRESIDENCIA.PT". www.presidencia.pt (in português). Retrieved 2020-09-04.
- ↑ Between the Carnation Revolution on April 25, 1974 and May 15 of the same year, António de Spínola was the head of the National Salvation Junta, being the de facto head of state and government. After May 15 Adelino da Palma Carlos became the Prime Minister, and Spínola continued as de jure head of state as President of the Republic.
- ↑ 21.0 21.1 "António de Spínola - PREVIOUS PRESIDENTS: - PRESIDENCIA.PT". www.presidencia.pt (in português). Retrieved 2020-10-05.
- ↑ "Costa Gomes - PREVIOUS PRESIDENTS: - PRESIDENCIA.PT". www.presidencia.pt (in português). Retrieved 2020-10-05.
- ↑ "Ramalho Eanes - PREVIOUS PRESIDENTS: - PRESIDENCIA.PT". www.presidencia.pt (in português). Retrieved 2020-10-05.
- ↑ "Mário Soares - PREVIOUS PRESIDENTS: - PRESIDENCIA.PT". www.presidencia.pt (in português). Retrieved 2020-10-05.
- ↑ "Jorge Sampaio - PREVIOUS PRESIDENTS: - PRESIDENCIA.PT". www.presidencia.pt (in português). Retrieved 2020-10-05.
- ↑ "Aníbal Cavaco Silva - PREVIOUS PRESIDENTS: - PRESIDENCIA.PT". www.presidencia.pt (in português). Retrieved 2020-10-05.
- ↑ "Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa". www.presidencia.pt (in português). Retrieved 2020-10-05.