List of presidents of Turkey

This is a complete list of presidents of Turkey. The list includes all eleven heads of state that lead the country after the Turkish War of Independence. For a list of rulers of the predecessor Ottoman Empire, see the Ottoman Dynasty.

List of presidents (1923–present)

Political Party

Independent
Republican People's Party
Democrat Party
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True Path Party
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Status

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No.	Name (Birth–Death)	Term of office		Political party	Previous office	Elected
Parliamentary system (1923–2018)
1	Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (1881–1938)	29 October 1923	1 November 1927	Republican People's Party	1st Speaker of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey	1	1923
		1 November 1927	4 May 1931			2	1927
		4 May 1931	1 March 1935			3	1931
		1 March 1935	10 November 1938^[1]			4	1935
—	Abdülhalik Renda (1881–1957)	10 November 1938	11 November 1938	Republican People's Party	4th Speaker of the Grand National Assembly	—	—
2	İsmet İnönü (1884–1973)	11 November 1938	3 April 1939	Republican People's Party	1st Prime Minister of Turkey	5	1938
		3 April 1939	8 March 1943			6	1939
		8 March 1943	5 August 1946			7	1943
		5 August 1946	27 May 1950			8	1946
3	Celâl Bayar (1883–1986)	27 May 1950	14 May 1954	Democrat Party	3rd Prime Minister of Turkey	9	1950
		14 May 1954	1 November 1957			10	1954
		1 November 1957	27 May 1960^[2]			11	1957
4	National Unity Committee Chairman: General Cemal Gürsel	27 May 1960	10 October 1961	Military	10th Commander of the Turkish Army	—
4	Cemal Gürsel (1895–1966)	10 October 1961	2 February 1966^[3]	Independent	Chairman of the National Unity Committee	12	1961
—	İbrahim Şevki Atasagun [tr] (1899–1984)	2 February 1966	28 March 1966	Independent		—	—
5	Cevdet Sunay (1899–1982)	28 March 1966	28 March 1973	Independent	12th Chief of the General Staff of Turkey	13	1966
—	Tekin Arıburun (1903–1993)	28 March 1973	6 April 1973	Justice Party	4th Chairmen of the Senate of Turkey	—	—
6	Fahri Korutürk (1903–1987)	6 April 1973	6 April 1980	Independent	3rd Commander of the Turkish Navy	14	1973
—	İhsan Sabri Çağlayangil (1908–1993)	6 April 1980	12 September 1980^[4]	Justice Party	6th Chairmen of the Senate of Turkey	—	—
7	National Security Council Chairman: General Kenan Evren	12 September 1980	9 November 1982	Military	17th Chief of the General Staff of Turkey	—
7	Kenan Evren (1917–2015)	9 November 1982	9 November 1989	Independent	Chairman of the National Security Council	15	1982
8	Turgut Özal (1927–1993)	9 November 1989	17 April 1993^[1]	Motherland Party	19th Prime Minister of Turkey	16	1989
—	Hüsamettin Cindoruk (born 1933)	17 April 1993	16 May 1993	True Path Party	17th Speaker of the Grand National Assembly	—	—
9	Süleyman Demirel (1924–2015)	16 May 1993	16 May 2000	True Path Party	12th Prime Minister of Turkey	17	1993
10	Ahmet Necdet Sezer (born 1941)	16 May 2000	28 August 2007	Independent	14th President of the Constitutional Court of Turkey	18	2000
11	Abdullah Gül (born 1950)	28 August 2007	28 August 2014	Justice and Development Party	40th Minister of Foreign Affairs	19	2007
12	Recep Tayyip Erdoğan (born 1954)	28 August 2014	9 July 2018	Justice and Development Party	25th Prime Minister of Turkey	20	2014
Presidential system (2018–present)
12	Recep Tayyip Erdoğan (born 1954)	9 July 2018	Incumbent	Justice and Development Party	25th Prime Minister of Turkey	21	2018

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Died in office.
↑ Deposed in the 1960 Turkish coup d'état.
↑ Removed from office due to ill health.
↑ Deposed in the 1980 Turkish coup d'état.

Acting presidents

Cemal Gürsel (May 27, 1960 - October 10, 1961) Served with the title "head of state" following the May 1960 military coup.
Tekin Arıburun (March 29, 1973 - April 6, 1973) Parliament speaker. Served as acting president ahead of Fahri Korutürk's election.
İhsan Sabri Çağlayangil (April 6, 1980 - September 12, 1980) Parliament speaker. Served as acting president in the absence of a firm presidential candidate.
Kenan Evren (September 12, 1980 - November 9, 1982) Served with the title "head of state" following the September 1980 military coup.
Hüsamettin Cindoruk (April 17, 1993 - May 16, 1993) Parliament speaker. Served as acting president following Turgut Özal's death.