Mexican Revolution
The Mexican Revolution was brought on by a major armed struggle in Mexico that started in 1911 by an uprising led by Francisco I. Madero[1] against the long dictatorship of Porfirio Díaz.[2]
Under his rule, power was concentrated in the hands of a select few, and the people had no power to express their opinions or to select their public officials.[3] Wealth was likewise concentrated in the hands of the few, and injustice was everywhere in the cities and the countryside alike[4]
The revolution was characterized by several socialist, liberal, anarchist, populist, and agrarian movements. Over time, it changed from a simple revolt against the established order to a multi-sided civil war.
There was less fighting after 1920, when Álvaro Obregón, the most important revolutionary leader who was still alive, became the president of Mexico.
Mexican Revolution Media
General Porfirio Díaz, President of Mexico
A banner (1903) at the office of opposition magazine El hijo del Ahuizote reads: "The Constitution has died..." (La Constitución ha muerto...)
Ricardo Flores Magón (left) and Enrique Flores Magón (right), leaders of the Mexican Liberal Party in jail in the Los Angeles (CA) County Jail, 1917
"Land and Liberty", the slogan of the Mexican Liberal Party
General Bernardo Reyes, who later rebelled against President Madero
Francisco I. Madero campaigns from the back of a railway car in 1910.
Principal battles during the fight to oust Díaz, November 1910 – May 1911. Most action was in the northern border area, with the Battle of Ciudad Juárez being a decisive blow, but the struggle in Morelos by the Zapatistas was also extremely important since the state was just south of the Mexican capital
Pancho Villa and followers
Francisco León de la Barra, interim president of Mexico, May–November 1911.
Francisco I. Madero, as President of Mexico.
Soy zapatista del Edo. de Morelos ("I'm a Zapatista from the State of Morelos"), a southern corrido written by the revolutionary Marciano Silva.
References
- ↑ Joseph, Gilbert and Jürgen Buchenau. Mexico's Once and Future Revolution. Durham: Duke University Press 2013, 1
- ↑ Gentleman, Judith. "Mexico since 1910". Encyclopedia of Latin American History and Culture, vol. 4, 15.
- ↑ Friedrich Katz, The Secret War in Mexico.
- ↑ Lieuwen, Edwin. Mexican Militarism: The Political Rise and Fall of the Revolutionary Military. Westport: Greenwood Press 1981; reprint of University of New Mexico Press 1968
