Most distant things
This article lists the most distant things known to us, all of which are galaxies or energy sources inside galaxies. Their distances are described in two ways. redshift = z, and billion light years (Gly).
As of 2012, there are only about 50 possible objects z=8 or farther, and another 100 z=7 candidates.[2] Candidates vary in their notability,[2] so not everything is included here. 1 Gly = 1 billion light-years = 109 ly.
| Name | Redshift (z) |
Distance (Gly) |
Type | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| F200DB-045 | z = 20.4 | 13.725 | Galaxy | |
| JADES-GS-z14-0 | z = 14.32 | Galaxy | ||
| HD1 | z = 13.27 | 13.579 | Galaxy | |
| JADES-GS-z13-0 | z = 13.20 | 13.576 | Galaxy or dark star | Possibly a dark star. |
| GN-z11 | z = 10.6034 | 13.39 | Galaxy | Confirmed galaxy[3] |
| EGSY8p7 | z = 8.68 | 13.23 | Galaxy | Confirmed galaxy[4] |
| EGSY8p7 Star 22 | z = 8.68 | 13.23 | Star | A yellow hypergiant and is the most distant known star. |
| GRB 090423 | z = 8.2 | 13.18 | Gamma-ray burst | [5][6] |
| EGS-zs8-1 | z = 7.73 | 13.13 | Galaxy | Confirmed galaxy[7] |
| z7 GSD 3811 | z = 7.66 | 13.11 | Galaxy | galaxy[8] |
| z8 GND 5296 | z≅ 7.51 | 13.1 | Galaxy | Note the discrepancy between distance and red-shift.[9] |
| UDFj-39546284 | z≅11.9 | 13.37 | Protogalaxy | This is a protogalaxy.[10][11] |
| MACS0647-JD | z≅10.8 | 13.3 | Galaxy or protogalaxy | Candidate most distant galaxy.[12][13] |
| MACS J1149-JD | z≅9.6 | 13.2[14] | Galaxy or protogalaxy | [15] |
| GRB 090429B | z≅9.4 | 13.14 [16] | Gamma-ray burst/progenitor/remnant | [17] |
| UDFy-33436598 | z≅8.6 | Galaxy or protogalaxy | [18] | |
| GRB 090423 | z≅8.2 | 13.035 | Gamma-ray burst/progenitor/remnant | [19] |
| BoRG-58 | z≅8 | Cluster or protocluster | Protocluster candidate [20] | |
| A1689-zD1 | z≅7.6 | 13 | Galaxy or protogalaxy | Galaxy [21] |
| SXDF-NB1006-2 | z≅7.215 | 12.91 | Galaxy or protogalaxy | Galaxy [22][23] |
| GN-108036 | z≅7.213 | 12.91 | Galaxy or protogalaxy | Galaxy[23][24] |
| BDF-3299 | z=7.109 | 12.9 | Galaxy or protogalaxy, spectroscopic redshift. | Vanzella et al. (2011), ApJ,730,35 |
| ULAS J1120+0641 | z≅7.085 | 12.9 [25] | Quasar | [26] |
| A1703 zD6 | z≅7.045 | 12.89 | Galaxy or protogalaxy | [23] |
| BDF-521 | z=7.008 | 12.89 | Galaxy or protogalaxy, spectroscopic redshift. | Vanzella et al. (2011), ApJ,730,35 |
| IOK-1 | z≅6.964 | 12.88 | Galaxy or protogalaxy | [23] |
| LAE J095950.99+021219.1 | z≅6.944 | Galaxy or protogalaxy | Lyman-alpha emitter—Faint Galaxy[27] | |
| PSO J172.3556+18.7734 | z = 6.82 | Quasar (Astrophysical jet) | ||
| Earendel | z = 6.2 | Star | Blue hypergiant. | |
- UDFy-38135539 is the furthest confirmed object (spectroscopically analysed) at 13.1 Gly.
Most Distant Things Media
Janko in a match for Austria against Iceland in 2014
Related pages
References
- ↑ Hubble pinpoints furthest protocluster of galaxies ever seen.. http://www.spacetelescope.org/news/heic1201/. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 FirstGalaxies, Our latest results
- ↑ A Remarkably luminous galaxy at z = 11.1 measured with Hubble Space Telescope Grism spectroscopy. The Astrophysical Journal 819 (2) (2016). p. 129. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/819/2/129.
- ↑ Lyman-alpha emission from a luminous z = 8.68 galaxy: implications for galaxies as tracers of cosmic reionization. The Astrophysical Journal 810 (1) (2015). p. L12. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/810/1/L12.
- ↑ NASA, New gamma-ray burst smashes cosmic distance record Archived 2011-03-10 at the Wayback Machine, 28 April 2009
- ↑ Tanvir N.R.. A gamma-ray burst at a redshift of z~8.2. Nature 461 (7268) (2009). p. 1254–1257. doi:10.1038/nature08459.
- ↑ A Spectroscopic Redshift Measurement for a Luminous Lyman Break Galaxy at z = 7.730 using Keck/MOSFIRE. The Astrophysical Journal 804 (2) (2015). p. L30. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/804/2/L30.
- ↑ Song M. KECK/MOSFIRE SPECTROSCOPY OFz= 7–8 GALAXIES: LyαEMISSION FROM a GALAXY ATz= 7.66. The Astrophysical Journal 826 (2) (2016). p. 113. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/826/2/113.
- ↑ Finkelstein S.L. et al 2013. A galaxy rapidly forming stars 700 million years after the Big Bang at redshift 7.51". Nature. 502: 524. [1]
- ↑ Wall, Mike. Ancient galaxy may be most distant ever seen (December 12, 2012)Space.com. Retrieved December 12, 2012.
- ↑ HubbleSite, "NASA's Hubble finds most distant galaxy candidate ever seen in Universe", STScI-2011-05, 26 January 2011
- ↑ information@eso.org. Hubble spots three magnified views of most distant known galaxy. www.spacetelescope.org. Retrieved 2019-02-15.
- ↑ CLASH: Three Strongly Lensed Images of a Candidate z ~ 11 Galaxy - BibSonomy. www.bibsonomy.org.
- ↑ NASA - NASA Telescopes Spy Ultra-Distant Galaxy. www.nasa.gov.
- ↑ Zheng W. et al 2012. A magnified young galaxy from about 500 million years after the Big Bang. Nature 489 (7416): 406–408. [2]
- ↑ Penn State SCIENCE, "Cosmic explosion is new candidate for most distant object in the Universe" Archived 2017-10-28 at the Wayback Machine, Derek. B. Fox , Barbara K. Kennedy , 25 May 2011
- ↑ Space Daily, Explosion helps researcher spot Universe's most distant object, 27 May 2011
- ↑ The Hubble eXtreme Deep Field (annotated). sci.esa.int.
- ↑ NASA, "New gamma-ray burst smashes cosmic distance record" Archived 2011-03-10 at the Wayback Machine, 28 April 2009
- ↑ Trenti, Michele. Overdensities of Y-dropout Galaxies from the Brightest-of-Reionizing Galaxies Survey: A Candidate Protocluster at Redshift z ≈ 8. The Astrophysical Journal 746 (1) (1 February 2012). p. 55. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/746/1/55.
- ↑ heic0805: Hubble finds strong contender for galaxy distance record (2008-02-12)ESA/Hubble. Retrieved 2008-04-04.
- ↑ TMT - SXDF-NB1006-2. Retrieved 2013-09-06.
- ↑ 23.0 23.1 23.2 23.3 Press Release - Discovery of the Most Distant Galaxy in the Cosmic Dawn - Subaru Telescope. www.subarutelescope.org. Retrieved 2019-02-15.
- ↑ NASA - NASA Telescopes Help Find Rare Galaxy at Dawn of Time. www.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2019-02-15.
- ↑ information@eso.org. Most Distant Quasar Found. www.eso.org.
- ↑ Scientific American, "Brilliant, but distant: most far-flung known quasar offers glimpse into early universe", John Matson, 29 June 2011
- ↑ Rhoads. A Lyα GALAXY AT REDSHIFT z = 6.944 IN THE COSMOS FIELD. The Astrophysical Journal 752 (2) (2012). p. L28. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/752/2/L28.
- ↑ https://arxiv.org/PS_cache/astro-ph/pdf/0209/0209205v2.pdf
- ↑ Uson, Juan M.. The central galaxy in Abell 2029 – an old supergiant. Science 250 (4980) (1990). p. 539–540. doi:10.1126/science.250.4980.539.