Naval mine
A naval mine is a bomb placed in water to destroy ships or submarines. Unlike depth charges, mines are put in the water and left to wait until they make contact with a ship. Naval mines can be used offensively, to make it harder for enemy ships to sail easily, or trap them into a harbour. They can also be used defensively, to protect friendly ships and create "safe" zones.
Mines can be laid in many ways: by specially built minelayers, refitted ships, submarines, aircraft, or even by dropping them into a harbour by hand. They are a cheap weapon with a basic mine costing as little as US$1000. There are very advanced mines which can cost millions and have several kinds of sensors, and deliver a warhead by rocket or torpedo.
International law says that nations have to say when they put mines in an area. This is to make it easier for civil shipping to avoid the mines. The warnings do not have to be specific; during World War II, Britain said simply that it had mined the English Channel, North Sea, and French coast.
An explosion of a Naval mine
Standard British Mk 14 Sea Mine, This Sea Mine is on display on the Riverfront at Brightlingsea and is being used as a collection box for The Royal British Legion
A 14th-century illustration of a naval mine and page description from the Huolongjing
Infernal machines in the Potomac River in 1861 during the American Civil War, sketch by Alfred Waud
A contact mine being deployed from the German minelayer Hansestadt Danzig
The towed, electric cables of Double-L, magnetic–minesweeping gear being deployed behind a Royal Navy minesweeper
A Vickers Wellington fitted with a DWI, magnetic mine exploder, Ismailia, Egypt
The Finnish minelayer Ruotsinsalmi lays naval mines in the Gulf of Finland during the Continuation War
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