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Pahlavi dynasty

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The Mazani Pahlavi dynasty of Iran (Mazandarani: پٚهلٚؤی) is the last Irani royal dynasty, ruling for almost 54 years between 1925 and 1979. The dynasty was founded by Reza Shah, a Mazani/Tabarei Caspiani[1][2][3][4][5][6] of Iran.

Pahlavi dynasty
سلسله پهلوی
1925–1979
Flag of
Anthem: 
Iran (orthographic projection).svg
CapitalTehran
Religion
Secular state (1925–1941, 1953–1979) Shia Islam (1941–1953)
GovernmentUnitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy (de jure 1925–1979 and de facto 1941–1953)

Unitary absolute monarchy (de facto 1925–1941; 1953–1979)

  • under an authoritarian one-party system (1975–1978)
  • under military dictatorship (1925-1941; 1953–1955; 1978–1979)
Shah 
• 1925–1941
Reza Shah Pahlavi
• 1941–1979
Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
History 
• 
1925
• 
1979
Preceded by
Qajar dynasty

Origins

The dynasty was founded by Reza Shah of Mazanderani descent.[1][2][7] Reza's father was a Mazanderani,[8][9][10][11] commissioned in the 7th Savadkuh Regiment, and served in the Siege of Herat in 1856.[12] His mother was a Georgian Muslim immigrant from Georgia (then part of the Russian Empire).[13][14]

History

The Pahlavi regime established by Reza Shah was a secular, nationalist, militarist and anti-communist regime.[15] Although he himself was of Mazanderani descent, his government carried out an extensive policy of Persianization trying to create a single, united and largely homogeneous nation, similar to Mustafa Kemal Atatürk's policy of Turkification in Turkey after the fall of the Ottoman Empire.[16] After the removal of Reza Shah in 1941, his son, Mohammad Reza Shah, took his place. Finally, the dynasty came to an end with the Iranian revolution.

Pahlavi Dynasty Media

  • Celebration-of-Persia-2500-anniversary-391756974997.jpg

    Farah, Mohammad Reza and Crown Prince Reza depicted in a card stunt at the 2,500-year celebration of the Persian Empire

  • RezaShahportrait(xcropped)

  • Official portrait of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi

  • Shahbanu of Iran (3x4 cropped)

  • Reza Pahlavi, Crown Prince of Iran

  • Taj ol-Molouk - queen of Persia (3x4 cropped)

  • Esmat Dowlatshahi (3x4 cropped)

  • Princess Fawzia Fuad of Egypt by Armand (3x4 cropped)

  • Soraya Esfandiary-Bakhtiari-045 (3x4 cropped)

  • Shahbanu of Iran (3x4 cropped)

Sources

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Aghaie, Kamran Scot. The Martyrs of Karbala: Shi'i Symbols and Rituals in Modern Iran (2011)University of Washington Press. p. 49. ISBN 978-0-295-80078-3.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Amanat, Abbas. Iran: A Modern History (2017)Yale University Press. p. 473. ISBN 978-0-300-23146-5.
  3. ↑ کوروش, نوروز مرادی. سندی نویافته از نیای رضاشاه. پیام بهارستان د۲،س ۱،ش۴ (1388). Retrieved 2022-03-17.
  4. ↑ معتضد, خسرو. تاج های زنانه (1387). تهران: نشر البرز. p. 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51 جلد اول. ISBN 9789644425974.
  5. ↑ نیازمند, رضا. رضاشاه از تولد تا سلطنت (1387). تهران: حکایت قلم نوین. p. 15, 16, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 39, 40, 43, 44, 45. ISBN 9645925460.
  6. ↑ زیباکلام, صادق. رضاشاه (1398). تهران: روزنه،لندن:اچ انداس. p. 61, 62. ISBN 9781780837628.
  7. ↑ Koyagi, Mikiya. Iran in Motion: Mobility, Space, and the Trans-Iranian Railway (2021)Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-1-5036-2767-3.
  8. ↑ Mankoff, Jeffrey. Empires of Eurasia: How Imperial Legacies Shape International Security (2022)Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-26537-8.
  9. ↑ معتضد, خسرو. تاج های زنانه (1387). تهران: نشر البرز. p. 46–51 جلد اول. ISBN 9789644425974.
  10. ↑ نیازمند, رضا. رضاشاه از تولد تا سلطنت (1387). تهران: حکایت قلم نوین. p. 15–16, 21–33, 39–40, 43–45. ISBN 9645925460.
  11. ↑ زیباکلام, صادق. رضاشاه (1398). تهران: روزنه،لندن:اچ انداس. p. 61–62. ISBN 9781780837628.
  12. ↑ Ghani, Cyrus. Iran and the Rise of Reza Shah (1998)I.B.Tauris. p. 161. ISBN 978-1-86064-258-6.
  13. ↑ Afkhami, Gholam Reza. The Life and Times of the Shah (2009)University of California Press. p. 4. ISBN 9780520253285.
  14. ↑ Gholam Ali Haddad Adel. The Pahlavi Dynasty: An Entry from Encyclopaedia of the World of Islam (2012)EWI Press. p. 3.
  15. ↑ Michael P. Zirinsky (1992). Imperial Power and Dictatorship: Britain and the Rise of Reza Shah, 1921-1926. International Journal of Middle East Studies 24. Cambridge University Press. pp. 639–663.
  16. ↑ Abrahamian, Ervand. Iran Between Two Revolutions (1982). Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. p. 123–163.
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