Planck (spacecraft)
Planck was a space observatory operated by the European Space Agency (ESA) from 2009 to 2013.
| Names | COBRAS/SAMBA | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mission type | Space telescope | ||||||
| Operator | ESA | ||||||
| COSPAR ID | 2009-026B | ||||||
| SATCAT no. | 34938 | ||||||
| Website | www | ||||||
| Mission duration | Planned: >15 months Final: 4 years, 5 months, 8 days | ||||||
| Spacecraft properties | |||||||
| Manufacturer | Thales Alenia Space | ||||||
| Launch mass | 1,950 kg (4,300 lb)[1] | ||||||
| Payload mass | 205 kg (452 lb) | ||||||
| Dimensions | Body: 4.20 × 4.22 m (13.8 × 13.8 ft) | ||||||
| Start of mission | |||||||
| Launch date | 14 May 2009, 13:12:02 UTC | ||||||
| Rocket | Ariane 5 ECA | ||||||
| Launch site | Guiana Space Centre, French Guiana | ||||||
| Contractor | Arianespace | ||||||
| Entered service | 3 July 2009 | ||||||
| End of mission | |||||||
| Disposal | Decommissioned | ||||||
| Deactivated | 23 October 2013, 12:10:27 UTC | ||||||
| Orbital parameters | |||||||
| Reference system | L2 point (1,500,000 km / 930,000 mi) | ||||||
| Regime | Lissajous | ||||||
| Main telescope | |||||||
| Type | Gregorian | ||||||
| Diameter | 1.9 × 1.5 m (6.2 × 4.9 ft) | ||||||
| Wavelengths | 300 µm – 11.1 mm (frequencies between 27 GHz and 1 THz) | ||||||
| |||||||
It mapped the anisotropies of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) at microwave and infra-red frequencies, with high sensitivity and small angular resolution.
The mission improved on observations made by the NASA Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP). Planck provided a major source of information about cosmology and astrophysics. It tested theories of the early Universe and the origin of cosmic structure.
Since the end of its mission, Planck has made the most precise measurements of several key numbers. These include the average density of ordinary matter and dark matter in the Universe, and the age of the universe. Planck is now switched off.
Planck (spacecraft) Media
The 4 K reference load qualification model
LFI 44 GHz horn and front-end chassis
Planck LFI focal plane model.
The High Frequency Instrument qualification model.
Galaxy cluster PLCK G004.5-19.5 was discovered through the Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect.
References
- ↑ "The Planck space observatory is integrated on Ariane 5 for Arianespace's upcoming launch". Arianespace. 24 April 2009. Retrieved 31 December 2013.