Protest vote

A protest vote (also called a blank, null, spoiled, or "none of the above" vote)^[1] is a vote cast in an election to show disapproval of the choice of candidates or the current political system.^[2]

Protest Vote Media

Spoiled votes may or may not be protest votes, but are often kept aside for challenges, further examination, or disposal.

References

↑ Alvarez, R. Michael; Kiewiet, D. Roderick; Núñez, Lucas (2018). "A Taxonomy of Protest Voting". Annual Review of Political Science. 21: 135–154. doi:10.1146/annurev-polisci-050517-120425.
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[:1-1] Alvarez, R. Michael; Kiewiet, D. Roderick; Núñez, Lucas (2018). "A Taxonomy of Protest Voting". Annual Review of Political Science. 21: 135–154. doi:10.1146/annurev-polisci-050517-120425.

[:0-2] Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers at line 630: attempt to index field 'known_free_doi_registrants_t' (a nil value).

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